NOTE: THIS VERSION OF NRF-PLAT WORKS BEST IN FIREFOX, CHROME OR SAFARI. IE IS NOT RECOMMENDED AT THIS TIME.
In 2019, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) embarked on a small, internally funded effort to explore the National Response Framework (NRF) in a format conductive to visualization and comprehension. The resulting tool, the PNNL National Response Framework Policy Landscape Analysis Tool, can be utilized to better understand the foundational management doctrine for how the nation responds to all types of catastrophic incidents and disasters.
The NRF is contained in a series of documents that describe the complex interactions of federal, state and local entities, as well as individual citizens. To help us organize the information in the base document of the NRF, we developed three summary documents (the Summary of the NRF, Overview of the NRF and Overview of the Emergency Support Functions). We also developed a taxonomy, a faceted browser that allows a user to select segments of the NRF based on a variety of descriptors, and a visualization of the distribution of responsibilities, recommendations and value statements ascribed to the NRF’s various stakeholders. These features can be accessed via the navigation panel on the left.
The NRF-PLAT developer team includes Kristin Omberg, Rachel Bartholomew, Lyndsey Franklin, Yavana Ganesh, Justine Spencer, Seth King and Olympia Hunt.
Please contact Kristin Omberg (kristin.omberg@pnnl.gov), Justine Spencer (justine.spencer@pnnl.gov), or Yavana Ganesh (yavana.ganesh@pnnl.gov) with any questions, comments, suggestions, or reports of typographical or transcription errors, which we will do our best to correct promptly!
The NRF-PLAT v1 was last updated: 12.15.2020, PNNL-SA-158190
Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or Battelle Memorial Institute. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY
operated by
BATTELLE
for the
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830
Responsibilities Index
This index contains the recommendations, requirements, training opportunities and value statements excerpted from the NRF, organized by primary partner, specific designee, additional partners/designees, specific role, section, community lifeline and/or emergency support function. Use the drop-down menus to select options (e.g., Federal Government, ESF #8 Public Health and Medical Services, and Requirements), then scroll down and click on a square to view specific excerpts from the NRF.
Responsibility Details
Some text in the modal.
Primary Partner :
Specific Designee :
Additional Partners/ Designees :
Specific Role :
Community Lifelines :
Emergency Support Functions :
Category :
Matched: 474 / 474 Click on a responsibility to view its details.
First, community lifelines are interdependent and vulnerable to cascading failures.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
Second, community lifeline stabilization relies on businesses and infrastructure owners and operators who have the expertise and primary responsibility for managing their systems in emergencies.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
The NRF is structured to help achieve these goals by establishing a new federal ESF coordinating structure to help mitigate the impact of catastrophic incidents on community lifelines and account for the risk that adversaries will seek to complicate and disrupt U.S. response operations.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
The NRF's structures and procedures address how federal departments and agencies coordinate support for local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments and how government at all levels works in unity with private sector and NGOs.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Introduction
The fourth edition of the NRF describes how the whole community contributes to and benefits from national preparedness and integrated incident response. This includes children; older adults; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse backgrounds; people with limited English proficiency; and owners of animals, including household pets and service and assistance animals
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments understand their needs best and play a critical role in involving the whole community in preparing for and responding to disasters in order to manage risk to communities and infrastructure.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Introduction
Layered, mutually supporting capabilities of individuals, communities, the private sector, NGOs, and governments at all levels allow for coordinated planning in times of calm and effective response in times of crisis.
Value Statement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
Engaged partnership and coalition building include ongoing clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate communication to ensure an appropriate response.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
When all levels of government become engaged, a response is federally supported, state managed, and locally executed, with tribes, territories, and insular area governments often managing the response, as well.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
The structures and processes described in the NRF must be able to apply resources from the whole community to support disaster survivors and stabilize the community.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Unified command enables unity of effort when no single jurisdiction, agency, or organization has primary authority and/or the resources to manage an incident on its own.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
A forward-leaning posture is imperative for incidents that may expand rapidly in size, scope, or complexity, as well as incidents that occur without warning. Decisive action is often required to save lives and protect property and the environment
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Proactive efforts are intended to ensure that federal resources reach the scene in time to assist in reducing disruption of normal functions of local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments and are done in coordination and collaboration with the governments, private sector entities, and NGOs, when possible.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Introduction
Stabilizing community lifelines is the primary effort during response to lessen threats and hazards to public health and safety, the economy, and security.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
A community lifeline enables the continuous operation of critical government and business functions and is essential to human health and safety or economic security.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
The lifelines are designed to enable emergency managers, infrastructure owners and operators, and other partners to analyze the root cause of an incident impact and then prioritize and deploy resources to effectively stabilize the lifeline.
Value Statement
Emergency Management Staff
Foundational Components
Similar to the ESFs, other whole community organizations can work together to stabilize lifelines and meet disaster needs.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
[SAFETY AND SECURITY] Law enforcement and government services, as well as the associated assets that maintain communal security, provide search and rescue, evacuations, and firefighting capabilities, and promote responder safety.
Requirement
Government Organizations
Foundational Components
[FOOD, WATER, SHELTER] Support systems that enable the sustainment of life, such as water treatment, transmission, and distribution systems; food retail and distribution networks; wastewater collection and treatment systems; as well as sheltering, and agriculture.
Requirement
Local Governments, Communities, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[HEALTH AND MEDICAL] Infrastructure and service providers for medical care, public health, patient movement, fatality management, behavioral health, veterinary support, and health or medical supply chains.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[ENERGY] Service providers for electric power infrastructure, composed of generation, transmission, and distribution systems, as well as gas and liquid fuel processing, transportation, and delivery systems. Disruptions can have a limiting effect on the functionality of other community lifelines.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[COMMUNICATIONS] Infrastructure owners and operators of broadband Internet, cellular networks, landline telephony, cable services (to include undersea cable), satellite communications services, and broadcast networks (radio and television). Communication systems encompass a large set of diverse modes of delivery and technologies, often intertwined but largely operating independently. Services include elements such as alerts, warnings, and messages, as well as 911 and dispatch. Also includes accessibility of financial services.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[TRANSPORTATION] Multiple modes of transportation that often serve complementary functions and create redundancy, adding to the inherent resilience in overall transportation networks. Transportation infrastructure generally includes highway/roadways, mass transit, railway, aviation, maritime, pipeline, and intermodal systems.
Requirement
Local Governments, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[HAZARDOUS MATERIAL] Systems that mitigate threats to public health/welfare and the environment. This includes assessment of facilities that use, generate, and store hazardous substances, as well as specialized conveyance assets and efforts to identify, contain, and remove incident debris, pollution, contaminants, oil or other hazardous substances.
Requirement
Communities, Federal Government
Foundational Components
After an incident, initial assessments of the community lifelines (i.e., whether they are impacted and to what extent) help establish incident priorities and objectives that drive response actions. Continuously reassessing the status of community lifelines enables decision-makers to adjust operations in ways that can accelerate incident stabilization.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Using the community lifelines enables emergency managers and decision makers at all levels (e.g., business and infrastructure owners and operators, economic development agencies, comptrollers, public health officials, and healthcare providers) to understand and assess impacts on a community, identify limiting factors, and quickly develop solutions following an incident.
Recommendation
Emergency Management Staff, All Response Personnel, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), in coordination with the sector-specific agencies, has identified National Critical Functions that enable the Federal Government, in partnership with infrastructure owners and operators, to improve the risk management process before and after an incident and can support community lifeline assessments and stabilization efforts.
Requirement
Federal Government, Private Sector Entities, Local Governments
Foundational Components
The intent is to efficiently stabilize the incident by anticipating, resourcing, and managing immediate threats to life and property and to set the conditions for longer-term infrastructure restoration and economic and community recovery.
Value Statement
Emergency Management Staff, All Response Personnel, Private Sector Entities, Communities
Foundational Components
Community lifelines can be used by all levels of government, the private sector, and other partners to facilitate operational coordination and drive outcome-based response.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
The purpose of NIMS is to provide a common approach to managing incidents. NIMS concepts provide for standardized but flexible incident management and support practices that emphasize common principles, a consistent approach for operational structures and supporting mechanisms, and an integrated approach to resource management.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
All of the components of NIMS -resource management, command and coordination, and communications and information management- support response.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Communities apply NIMS principles to integrate response plans and resources across jurisdictions, departments, the private sector, and NGOs.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Neighboring communities or organizations play a key role by providing support through a network of mutual aid and assistance agreements that identify the resources that communities may share during an incident.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Additionally, private sector organizations often establish mutual aid agreements with each other to increase capabilities and expedite their response.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Qualification System (NQS) addresses this challenge by providing a common language and approach for qualifying, certifying, and credentialing incident management and support personnel. NQS provides the tools for jurisdictions and organizations to share resources seamlessly. Using the NQS approach helps to ensure personnel deploying through mutual aid agreements and com
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Using the core capabilities construct enables communities and organizations to focus on specific preparedness measures necessary to ensure that the capabilities are available when needed.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Preparedness Goal describes the core capabilities necessary to be prepared for all threats and hazards. The core capabilities provide a common vocabulary describing the significant functions that must be maintained and executed across the whole community to achieve the goal of a 'secure and resilient nation.'
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[PREVENTION] Avoiding, preventing, or stopping a threatened or actual act of terrorism. Within the context of national preparedness, the term 'prevention' refers to dealing with imminent threats.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[PROTECTION] Securing the homeland against acts of terrorism and human-caused or natural disasters.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[MITIGATION] Reducing loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[RESPONSE] Saving lives, stabilizing community lifelines, protecting property and the environment, and meeting basic human needs after an incident has occurred.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[RECOVERY] Assisting impacted communities with restoration and revitalization.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The response core capabilities are the activities that generally must be accomplished in incident response, regardless of which levels of government are involved.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Core capabilities are used to organize, analyze, and build the functions and services needed in response. The core capabilities developed during the preparedness cycle are applied throughout response to stabilize community lifelines and enable recovery.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
By engaging the whole community to build and deliver the response core capabilities, the Nation is better prepared to respond to a threat or hazard; to assist in restoring basic services, community functionality, and economic activity; and to facilitate the integration of recovery activities.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response organizations coordinate with those responsible for preventing imminent acts of terrorism or an attack (e.g., a significant cyber incident causing cascading and/or physical impacts) to understand both potential and specific threats and to prepare accordingly by creating plans for general threats and crisis action plans for credible threats.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
When an incident may have been caused by an intentional act, response organizations coordinate closely with law enforcement agencies to attribute the cause and prevent additional follow-on instances.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies coordinate with law enforcement agencies to enable themselves to prepare, train, stage, and plan for the delivery of consequence management capabilities.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies must coordinate with the owners of properties impacted by a particular incident who have the first responsibility for prevention, protection, and response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Protection of critical infrastructure systems and implementation of plans for the rapid restoration of commercial activities and critical infrastructure operations are crucial aspects of the protection mission area.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies should utilize the sector coordination constructs (e.g., sector-specific agencies or sector coordinating councils) to elicit advice and recommendations regarding systemic vulnerabilities, cross-sector interdependencies, and sector-level challenges that could hinder restoration.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Impacts to infrastructure may result in the need for consequence management (e.g., cyberattacks).
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Mitigation Investment Strategy recommends actions for all national stakeholders involved in disaster resilience to reduce risks to and impacts on lifelines, buildings, infrastructure, ecosystems, and cultural, historic, and natural resources
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Planning, response, and regulatory organizations coordinate to reduce risks to critical infrastructure by evaluating potential threats, encouraging resiliency in infrastructure, and planning for redundancy in services
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Response operations should leverage those organizations with relevant risk management equities to ascertain threats and hazards, understand vulnerabilities, and predict lifeline and survivor impacts or needs to enable more expedient response operations.
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Opportunities to lessen the risks of future hazards are an important element to building national resilience.
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
As response activities are underway, recovery operations must begin
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Applying the community lifelines construct enables response officials to more effectively identify the requirements and sequence steps in the recovery process, including activities that support the economy, by focusing them on vital areas of community support.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
This includes providing essential public health and safety services; restoring interrupted utility and other essential services; reestablishing transportation routes and other infrastructure (e.g., agriculture), providing food, water, and shelter for those displaced by an incident; protecting natural and cultural resources and ensuring environmental compliance; ensuring equal access to services in accordance with applicable laws; reunifying children, adults, and household pets who have been separated from their families/guardians; and reopening schools and child care centers.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response organizations are responsible for setting the conditions that foster a quick and seamless integration of recovery operations and establish conditions that enable a community's recovery.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Effective recovery support also depends on successful information sharing between the ESFs and the six Recovery Support Functions (RSF) under the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF).
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Recovery programs -including sheltering and housing, volunteer organization coordination, donations management, small business and agriculture assistance or loans, as well as other disaster assistance- often support response and recovery objectives.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Ensuring that operational plans properly account for the integration of all mission areas is essential.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Successful incident management often depends on the cooperation of multiple jurisdictions, levels of government, functional agencies, NGOs and emergency responder disciplines, and the private sector, which requires effective coordination across a broad spectrum of activities and organizations.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, Non-Governmental Organizations, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Accordingly, the optimal disaster response follows the model of being locally executed; state, tribal, territorial, or insular area managed; and federally supported with private sector and NGO engagement throughout.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
Public sector government resources alone cannot provide all the solutions when responding to incidents. Acting within regulatory and authoritative guidelines, government entities and the private sector can provide mutually beneficial incident-specific response support
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
All elements of the community should be activated, engaged, and integrated to respond to a major or catastrophic incident. This all-inclusive approach helps expand and expedite the availability of resources, capabilities, and solution sets for incident response
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When severe incidents disrupt community lifelines, private sector and NGO capabilities can assist with stabilizing lifelines and restoring services.
Recommendation
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Similar to public sector mutual aid and support agreements, it is essential that government and private sector organizations engage in collaboration before an incident to effectively partner during incident response.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Businesses and infrastructure owners and operators have primary responsibility for operating and repairing their systems in emergencies.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
Businesses and infrastructure owners and operators also have unique expertise and capabilities to conduct restoration operations of their own systems, execute voluntary mutual assistance operations within their sectors, and provide valuable resources for cross-sector support.
Recommendation
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
When catastrophic incidents put a premium on the restoration of complex supply chains (especially for essential products and services needed for response efforts and stabilizing the economy), private sector coordination and assets are vital for public health and safety, the economy, and national security.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The private sector can also help government agencies prioritize support missions (e.g., debris removal) to facilitate business and infrastructure response operations.
Recommendation, Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
In coordination with local governments, private sector organizations have a critical role in re- establishing commercial activities and restoring critical infrastructure operations the community requires following a disruption.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Assess cross-sector interdependencies and obstacles to meeting survivor needs
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify opportunities to enable or support prompt stabilization of community lifelines
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify where government support is appropriate and available
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify opportunities to synchronize response operations with private sector efforts to ensure the most effective approach to reach as many survivors as possible.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
These organizations, composed of multiple businesses and entities brought together by shared geography or common function (e.g., banking, supply chain management, transportation, venue, and management), support the collaboration, communication, and sharing of information within the private sector.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Such organizations can coordinate with and support NGOs and, in many cases, serve as a conduit to government coordinating structures.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Strengthening the relationship between private sector and government coordinating structures enhances information sharing and operational response.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
During a disaster, those closest to the impacted areas -individuals, families, neighbors, businesses, and emergency responders comprising the community- are the first ones active in response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local partners know their community's needs, capabilities, and resources best and are positioned to have the most effective impact in the aftermath of an incident.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Locally executed response focuses on how the complex network of local, voluntary, and private sector organizations integrate their capabilities to restore damaged infrastructure, restart the flow of products and services, and place essential items into the hands of survivors
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local governments and communities, therefore, provide the true operational coordination for executing an effective response and can draw on the support of additional state and federal resources when their own resources prove insufficient.
Requirement
Local Governments, Communities, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Emergency responders at all levels of government use NIMS and ICS command and coordinating structures to manage and support response operations
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Emergency operations centers (EOC) are facilities where staff coordinate information and resources to support on-scene incident management.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Staff in EOCs at all levels of government may also encourage participation by the private sector, including NGOs, academia, associations, and access and functional needs community organizations.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Staff in EOCs at all levels of government may also encourage participation by private sector elements including NGOs, academia, associations, and organizations representing those with disabilities and others with access and functional needs.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
At the local level, coordinating structures are usually composed of entities within specific functional areas, such as public works, law enforcement, emergency medical services, and fire departments.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Incident management may also involve Multiagency Coordination Groups (MAC Groups). A MAC Group is composed of senior officials, such as agency administrators, executives, or their designees, who are authorized to represent or commit agency resources and funds in support of incident activities.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
A MAC Group acts as an executive- or policy-level body during incidents, supporting resource prioritization and allocation, and enabling decision making among elected and appointed officials and those responsible for managing the incident (i.e., the incident commander)
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
In some communities and jurisdictions, MAC Groups are located at or near EOCs in order to authorize additional resources, approve emergency authorities, and provide guidance on issues.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local jurisdictions and states employ a variety of coordinating structures to help identify risks, establish relationships, and organize and build capabilities
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[Example] Examples of local response coordinating structures include local planning committees, healthcare coalitions, Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT), and chapters of national-level associations.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
These local and regional coordinating structures organize and integrate their capabilities and resources with neighboring jurisdictions, the state, the private sector, and NGOs.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Federal Government, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State governments serve as agents for local jurisdictions by managing the delivery of federal disaster assistance to meet local requirements
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The local incident command structure directs on-scene incident management activities and maintains command and control of on-scene incident operations.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State EOCs are activated as necessary to support local EOCs and to help ensure that responders have the resources they need to conduct response activities. This is achieved through integration of state- level coordinating structures working with local coordinating structures or the local incident command structure.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State, tribal, territorial, and insular area EOCs also provide a common location for coordination of state/tribal/territorial/insular area -and in some cases, federal- support to local EOCs and/or incident personnel
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Many states involve their tribal counterparts within the EOC to ensure that tribal coordinating structures are integrated into the delivery of capabilities and tribal needs are addressed.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
States, territories, and insular areas also leverage the capabilities and resources of partners across the state/territory/insular area when identifying needs and building capabilities...These [coordinating] structures are also designed to leverage appropriate representatives from across the whole community, some of whom may also participate in local or regional coordinating structures.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Many states, territories, and insular areas create independent committees or councils focused on specific areas or functions as a sub-set of their emergency management agency.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The United States has a trust responsibility with federally recognized Indian tribes and recognizes their right to self-government.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
This trust doctrine requires the Federal Government to protect tribal treaty rights, lands, assets, and resources while providing support through statutory authority and other programs.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Under the Stafford Act, federally recognized Indian tribes may directly request their own emergency and major declaration or they may request assistance under a state request. In addition, federally recognized Indian tribes can request federal assistance for incidents that impact the tribe but do not result in a Stafford Act declaration. Given their unique position, tribal governments often have planning and response requirements that are the equivalent of state and local operational coordination during an incident.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Tribes may have internal coordinating structures and facilities for incident response, as well as others that include bordering states and neighboring jurisdictions.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The Tribal Assistance Coordination Group (TAC-G) is a MAC Group that assists federally recognized tribes during emergencies and disasters and provides information and technical assistance for tribal emergency management programs in coordination with federal partners.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The TAC-G is led and managed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs Emergency Management Program.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The TAC-G consists of partners from all levels of government (local, state, tribal, territorial, insular, or federal), as well as nonprofit aid organizations and the private sector.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The desired end-state for federal incident response is achieved when local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area entities no longer require Federal Government assistance to provide life-saving or life- sustaining support, thereby allowing for the transition to recovery.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
When an incident occurs that exceeds or is anticipated to exceed local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular area resources or when an incident is managed by federal departments or agencies acting under their own authorities, the Federal Government may use the management structures described within the NRF.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Additionally, the Federal Government may use supplementary or complementary plans to involve all necessary department and agency resources to organize the federal response and ensure coordination among all response partners.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is the term used to describe the primary state/tribal/territorial/insular area/federal incident management activities conducted at the incident level.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is typically directed from a Joint Field Office (JFO), a temporary federal facility that provides a central location for coordination of response efforts by the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is organized, staffed, and managed in a manner consistent with NIMS principles using an ICS structure.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is organized, staffed, and managed in a manner consistent with NIMS principles using an ICS structure. The Unified Coordination Group (UCG) is composed of senior leaders representing state, tribal, territorial, insular area and federal interests and, in certain circumstances, local jurisdictions, the private sector, and NGOs. UCG members must have significant jurisdictional responsibility and authority. The composition of the UCG varies from incident to incident, depending on the scope and nature of the disaster. The UCG leads the unified coordination staff. Personnel from state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal departments and agencies; other jurisdictional entities; the private sector; and NGOs may be assigned to the unified coordination staff at various incident facilities (e.g., JFOs, staging areas, and other field offices). The UCG determines staffing of the unified coordination staff based on incident requirements.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Although unified coordination is based on the ICS structure, it does not manage on-scene operations. Instead, unified coordination supports on-scene response efforts and conducts broader support operations that may extend beyond the incident site. Unified coordination must include robust operations, planning, public information, and logistics capabilities that integrate local, state, and federal -as well as tribal, territorial, and insular area governments- personnel, when appropriate, so that all levels of government work together to achieve unity of effort.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When incidents affect multiple localities and states or the entire Nation, multiple UCGs with associated unified coordination staff may be established. In these situations, coordination occurs according to the principles of area command, as described in NIMS
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
As the primary field entity for federal response, unified coordination integrates diverse federal authorities and capabilities and coordinates federal response and recovery operations
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Federal agencies that conduct on-scene, tactical-level activities may also establish incident and area command structures, generally in conjunction with their counterpart local, state, tribal, territorial and/or insular area government agencies, to manage that work.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
ESFs are the primary, but not exclusive, response coordinating structures at the federal level.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Communities, states, regions, and other tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal departments and agencies may use the ESF construct, or they may employ other coordinating structures or partners appropriate to their location, threats, or authorities. Whatever structures are used, they are encouraged to work closely with federal ESFs at the incident, regional, or headquarters levels if they are activated.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Each ESF is composed of a department or agency that has been designated as the ESF coordinator, along with a number of primary and support agencies. Primary agencies are designated on the basis of their authorities, resources, and capabilities. Support agencies are assigned based on resources or capabilities in a given functional area.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The federal ESFs are the primary, but not exclusive, federal coordinating structures for building, sustaining, and delivering the response core capabilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
At the federal level, ESFs are groups of organizations that work together to deliver core capabilities to stabilize community lifelines in support of an effective response
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Any ESF may assist in the delivery of a response core capability.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Because a core capability may be required, each ESF can contribute to the stabilization of any of the community lifelines, depending on the circumstances of the incident.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #1: Coordinate the opening of roads and manage aviation airspace for access to health and medical facilities or services.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #2: Provide and enable contingency communications required at health and medical facilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #3: Install generators and provide other temporary emergency power sources for health and medical facilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #4: Coordinates federal firefighting activities and supports resource requests for public health and medical facilities and teams.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #5: Develop coordinated interagency crisis action plans addressing health and medical issues.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #6: Integrate voluntary agency and other partner support, including other federal agencies and the private sector, to resource health and medical services and supplies.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #7: Provide logistics support for moving meals, water, or other commodities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #8: Provide health and medical support to communities, and coordinate across capabilities of partner agencies.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #9: Conduct initial health and medical needs assessments.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #10: Monitor air quality near health and medical facilities in close proximity to the incident area.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #11: Coordinate with health and medical entities to address incidents of zoonotic disease.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #12: Coordinate power restoration efforts for health and medical facilities or power-dependent medical populations.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #13: Provide public safety needed security at health and medical facilities or mobile teams delivering services.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #14: Be informed of and assess cascading impacts of health or medical infrastructure or service disruptions, and deconflict or prioritize cross-sector requirements.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #15: Conduct public messaging on the status of available health and medical services or public health risks.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Departments and agencies supporting federal ESFs may be selectively activated by FEMA or as requested by a lead federal agency to support response activities for incidents.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When departments and agencies supporting federal ESFs are activated, they may assign staff at headquarters, regional, and incident levels. Through the Stafford Act and in accordance with 6 U.S.C. Sections 741(4) and 753(c), FEMA may issue mission assignments to obtain resources and services from federal departments and agencies.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Most incidents where the NRF serves as the foundational federal response doctrine will not result in a federally declared disaster under the Stafford Act. For example, pre-incident operations for hurricanes, responses to biological incidents, electric grid emergencies, oil spills, migration crises, public health emergencies, and a host of other threats and hazards may not receive a Presidential disaster declaration but still require a coordinated national response.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
For such non-Stafford Act incidents where the Federal Government is involved, the President may designate or the federal agencies involved may agree to recognize an agency to serve as the Lead Federal Agency (LFA) for the response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The LFA typically activates the response structures appropriate to its authorities.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The LFA employs NIMS and this Framework to coordinate the federal response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Because the NRF is always in effect, ESFs may be activated and deployed to help manage any response in support of the LFA.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Coordinating structures can be assembled and organized at the regional level to address incidents that cross state or international borders or have broad geographic or system-wide implications or to manage competing requirements for response assets among multiple incidents.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Most federal departments and agencies have regional or field offices that may participate with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments in planning for incidents and provide response assets when an incident occurs in their jurisdiction
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Some federal departments and agencies share the same standard federal regional structure as FEMA.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
In larger-scale incidents, these regional and field offices may provide the initial response assets with additional support being provided from other department and agency offices across the Nation.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Some federal regional and field offices have their own EOCs to support deployments of their assets.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
FEMA has 10 regional offices, each headed by a Regional Administrator. Each of FEMA's regional offices maintains an RRCC. When activated, RRCCs are multi-agency coordination centers generally staffed by regional FEMA personnel and augmented by ESFs and other federal agencies in anticipation of or immediately following an incident. Operating under the direction of the FEMA Regional Administrator, the staff within the RRCCs coordinates federal regional response efforts and maintains connectivity with FEMA Headquarters and with state EOCs, state and major urban area fusion centers, Federal Executive Boards, tribal governments, and other federal, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area operations and coordination centers that potentially contribute to the development of situational awareness. The UCG assumes responsibility for coordinating federal response activities at the incident level once unified coordination is established, freeing the RRCC to deal with new incidents should they occur.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
In response to significant threats within the criminal jurisdiction of the United States, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) may establish a JOC, which is a regional multi-jurisdictional, interagency operations center to lead and coordinate the operational law enforcement response, including but not limited to investigative operations and related intelligence activities. The JOC is led by an FBI on-scene commander (OSC) and is supported by a command group and a consequence management group, as appropriate. If the threat involves potential attacks or threats spanning multiple geographic areas, then multiple JOCs may be established. The JOC acts as the focal point for the strategic management and direction of on scene law enforcement activities and coordination with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area authorities. Additionally, the FBI OSC may be supported by the Domestic Emergency Support Team (if deployed), which may provide interagency technical or scientific expertise.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Coordinating structures are assembled and organized at the federal headquarters level, particularly to address incidents that cross regional borders or have broad geographic or system-wide implications.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
A wide range of such centers maintain situational awareness within their functional areas and provide relevant information to the DHS National Operations Center (NOC) during an incident
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
These operations centers may also coordinate ESF activities, communicate with other federal operations centers, and communicate with their local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area government counterparts.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
In the event of an act of terrorism, natural disaster, or other emergency, the NOC, as the principal operations center for DHS, coordinates and integrates information from the NOC components to provide situational awareness and a common operating picture for the entire Federal Government, as well as for local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, as appropriate, to ensure that accurate and critical terrorism and disaster-related information reaches government decision makers in a timely manner. Additionally, the NOC serves as the national fusion center, collecting and synthesizing all-source information, including information from state and major urban area fusion centers, for all threats and hazards across the entire integrated National Preparedness System
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, All Response Personnel
Operational Coordination
When activated, the NRCC is a multiagency coordination center located at FEMA Headquarters. NRCC's staff coordinates the overall federal support for major disasters and emergencies, including catastrophic incidents and emergency management program implementation. FEMA maintains the NRCC as a functional component of the NOC for incident support operations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The CIOCC is composed of the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center, the National Infrastructure Coordinating Center, and the National Coordinating Center for Communications. It is the focal point for federal partners, the private sector, and local, state, tribal, and territorial governments to obtain situational awareness, technical assistance, and integrated, actionable information to secure and defend the Nation's cyber, physical, and communications infrastructure. The CIOCC operates around the clock to integrate, coordinate, and share risk and threat information with the critical infrastructure community, perform consequence analyses of incidents affecting critical infrastructure, inform decision making, provide technical expertise to address cyber threats and communications outages, and coordinate infrastructure-related support for broader federal response efforts.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The Department of Defense's (DoD) NMCC is the Nation's focal point for continuous monitoring and coordination of worldwide military operations. The NMCC directly supports combatant commanders, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secretary of Defense, and the President in the command of U.S. Armed Forces in peacetime contingencies and war. The NMCC participates in a wide variety of activities, ranging from missile warning and attack assessment to management of peacetime operations, such as defense support of civil authorities during special events, major disasters, and national emergencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The SIOC acts as the FBI's worldwide EOC. The SIOC maintains situational awareness of criminal or terrorist threats and critical incidents and crises (foreign and domestic, regardless of cause or origin) and provides FBI headquarters executives, domestic field offices, and overseas legal attachés with timely notification and the dissemination of strategic information. The SIOC shares information and intelligence with other EOCs at all levels of government. Maintaining a constant state of readiness to support any crisis or major event, the SIOC provides a secure venue to support crisis management, special event monitoring, and significant operations. The SIOC provides command, control, communications connectivity, and a common operating picture for managing FBI operational responses and assets throughout the world on behalf of FBI Headquarters, divisions, field offices, and legal attachés. In the event of a crisis, the SIOC establishes the headquarters command post and develops connectivity to field command posts and JOCs. The FBI-led Weapons of Mass Destruction Strategic Group is activated within the SIOC when facing weapons of mass destruction terrorist threats. The Weapons of Mass Destruction Strategic Group is an interagency crisis action team that supports information exchange and the deconfliction of counterterrorism activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The National Security Council (NSC) is the principal policy body for consideration of national security policy issues requiring Presidential determination. The NSC advises and assists the President in integrating all aspects of national security policy as it affects the United States -domestic, foreign, military, intelligence, and economic (in conjunction with the National Economic Council).
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Individuals and communities, the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government (local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal) should each understand their respective roles and responsibilities and how to complement each other in achieving shared goals......and understand how they fit within and are supported by the structures described in the NRF.
Requirement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All elements of the whole community play roles in developing the core capabilities needed to respond to incidents. This includes developing plans that ensure continuity of operations, conducting assessments and exercises, providing and directing resources and capabilities, and gathering lessons-learned.
Requirement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Emergency management staff in all jurisdictions and organizations have a fundamental responsibility to consider the needs of the whole community. These needs must be incorporated into response planning and delivery of the core capabilities. The potential contributions of all individuals toward delivering core capabilities during incident response (e.g., through associations and alliances that serve the people previously identified) should be incorporated into planning efforts.
Requirement
Emergency Management Staff
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Emergency management staff must also consider those who own or have responsibility for animals, both as members of the community who may be affected by incidents and as a potential means of supporting response efforts. This includes those with household pets, service and assistance animals, working dogs, and agricultural animals/livestock, as well as those who have responsibility for wildlife, exotic animals, zoo animals, research animals, and animals housed in shelters, rescue organizations, breeding facilities, and sanctuaries.
Requirement
Emergency Management Staff
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communities bring people together in different ways for different reasons, but each community provides opportunities for sharing information and promoting collective action.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
These communities may have resources and information to stabilize community lifelines.
Recommendation
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Engaging these groups in preparedness efforts, particularly at the local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area levels, is important to identifying their needs and taking advantage of their potential contributions.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector organizations engage in incident response through their own internal response and continuity actions, the commodities they provide, their partnerships with each level of government, and their roles within the supply chain.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Elements of the private sector are most often the providers of community lifeline services and have a key interest in the stabilization and restoration of their own operations and those of other infrastructure systems.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector organizations also play a vital role in ensuring communities and survivors have the services and resources necessary to respond to and recover from all types of incidents.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
During an incident, key private sector partners should have a direct link to emergency managers and other relevant officials, such as those from public health, economic development, and community planning agencies and, in some cases, be involved in the decision-making process.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
As key elements of the national economy, it is important for private sector organizations of all types and sizes to engage in preparedness planning, conduct risk assessments, and identify critical community lifelines, functions, and resources that impact their businesses and communities.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Understanding and collaborating on the cross-sector interdependencies and cascading effects of a potentially high-consequence incident on business, infrastructure, and supply chains improves community resilience and can help private sector organizations to quickly resume normal operations.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Owners and operators of certain regulated facilities or hazardous operations may be legally responsible for preparing for and preventing incidents and responding when an incident occurs
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE: For example, the Atomic Energy Act, as amended, and associated regulations require owners and operators of commercial nuclear powerplants and offsite response organizations (OROs) to maintain emergency plans in order protect the health and safety of the public.
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Onsite response organizations and OROs perform exercises, assessments, notifications, and training for incident response.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Because of their significance in providing essential functions and services, it is vital that private critical infrastructure sectors, such as privately-owned transportation and transit, telecommunications, utilities, financial institutions, hospitals, and other health-related facilities, create and sustain effective business continuity plans.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector entities may serve as partners in local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area emergency preparedness and response organizations and activities and with federal sector-specific agencies
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector entities often participate in local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area preparedness activities by providing resources (donated or compensated) during an incident -including specialized teams, essential services, equipment, and advanced technologies- through local public-private emergency plans or mutual aid and assistance agreements or in response to requests from government and nongovernmental initiatives.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Planning, training, and exercising their response capabilities.
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Planning for, responding to, and recovering from incidents that impact their own infrastructure and facilities
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Protecting information, and maintaining the continuity of business operations in order to ensure the integrity of supply chains or quickly establishing new supply chains to stabilize the community and reduce human suffering
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Providing assistance specified under mutual aid and assistance agreements
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Addressing the welfare of employees (including disbursement of wages)
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Executing their own immediate response activities and meeting the continuity needs of infrastructure, facilities, and business operations
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Collaborating with emergency management personnel to determine what assistance may be required and how they can provide needed support
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Contributing to communication and information-sharing efforts during incidents
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Providing insight on the scope and scale of impacts
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Identifying requirements for public sector support to enable stabilization of critical community lifelines
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Contributing resources, personnel, and expertise; helping to shape objectives; and receiving information about the status of the community
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals, families, and households reduce potential emergency response requirements and hazards in and around their homes by efforts such as raising utilities above flood level or securing unanchored objects against the threat of high winds.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals, families, and households should also prepare emergency supply kits and emergency plans, so they can take care of themselves and their neighbors until assistance arrives.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals can also contribute to the preparedness and resilience of their households and communities by volunteering with emergency organizations (e.g., the local chapter of the American Red Cross, Medical Reserve Corps, Community Emergency Response Teams, or National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster [National VOAD]) and completing emergency response training courses.
Recommendation
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals who have access and functional or medical needs should make preparations with family members.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Their plans should include provisions for personal assistance service providers and any household pets or service and assistance animals.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
During an actual disaster, emergency, or threat, individuals, households, and families should monitor emergency communications and follow guidance and instructions provided by local authorities.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
NGOs bolster government efforts at all levels and often provide specialized services to the whole community.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
NGOs are key partners in preparedness activities and response operations.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Training, management, and coordination of volunteers and donated goods
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Ensuring staff are screened, trained, and able to safely perform their tasks
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying sheltering locations, ensuring access to those facilities, and communicating their locations to the whole community
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Providing emergency commodities and services, such as water, food, shelter, assistance with family reunification, clothing, and supplies for post-emergency cleanup
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Supporting the evacuation, rescue, care, and sheltering of animals displaced by the incident;
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Supporting search and rescue, transportation, and logistics services and support
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying and supporting the unmet needs of survivors who have been affected by the disaster
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying and supporting the heath, medical, mental health, and behavior health resources of the impacted community
At the same time, when NGOs support response core capabilities they may also require government assistance.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When planning for local community emergency management resources, government organizations should consider the potential need to support NGOs in performing their essential response functions.
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Volunteers and donors support response efforts in many ways.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Governments at all levels must plan ahead to incorporate volunteers and donated resources into response activities
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Close collaboration with the voluntary organizations and agencies assists in managing the influx of volunteers and donations.
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The American Red Cross is chartered by Congress to provide relief to survivors of disasters and help people prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In this capacity, the American Red Cross is the co-lead of ESF #6 and supports several other ESFs and the delivery of multiple core capabilities.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
National VOAD is an association of organizations that mitigates and alleviates the impact of disasters.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Provides a forum promoting cooperation, communication, coordination and collaboration.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Fosters more effective delivery of services to communities impacted by a disaster.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Within the NCMEC, the National Emergency Child Locator Center facilitates the expeditious identification and reunification of children with their families.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The responsibility for responding to natural and human-caused incidents that have recognizable geographic boundaries generally begins at the local level with individuals and public officials in the county, parish, city, or town affected by an incident.
Requirement
Local Governments, Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Jurisdictional chief executives are responsible for the public safety and welfare of the people of their jurisdiction.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Officials provide strategic guidance and resources across all five mission areas.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Chief elected or appointed officials must have a clear understanding of their emergency management roles and responsibilities and how to apply the response core capabilities
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] need to make decisions regarding resources and operations during an incident to stabilize community lifelines.
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Elected and appointed officials also routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid preparedness efforts and improve emergency management and response capabilities.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Obtain assistance from other governmental agencies
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Provide direction for response activities.
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Ensure appropriate information is provided to the public
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The jurisdiction's emergency manager oversees the day-to-day emergency management programs and activities
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The emergency manager works with chief elected and appointed officials to establish unified objectives regarding the jurisdiction's emergency plans and activities. This role entails coordinating and integrating all elements of the community.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The emergency manager coordinates the local emergency management program. This includes assessing the capacity and readiness to deliver the capabilities most likely required to stabilize community lifelines during an incident and identifying and correcting shortfalls.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Advising elected and appointed officials during a response
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Conducting response operations in accordance with the NIMS
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating the functions of local agencies
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating the development of plans, and working cooperatively with other local agencies, community organizations, private sector businesses, and NGOs
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Developing and maintaining mutual aid and assistance agreements
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating resource requests during an incident through the management of an emergency operations center
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating damage assessments during an incident
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Advising and informing local officials and the public about emergency management activities during an incident to facilitate response operations such as sheltering, avoiding, evacuating, and resupply of food and water
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Developing and executing accessible public awareness and education programs
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Conducting exercises to rehearse response activities; test personnel, plans and systems; and identify areas for improvement
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating integration of individuals with disabilities, individuals from racially and ethnically diverse backgrounds, and others with access and functional needs into emergency planning and response
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Helping to ensure the continuation of essential services and functions through the development and implementation of continuity of operations plans
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Local government department and agency heads collaborate with the emergency manager during the development of local emergency plans and provide key response resources.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The department and agency heads and their staffs develop, plan, and train on internal policies and procedures to meet response needs safely.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Participate in interagency training and exercises to develop and maintain necessary capabilities.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments are responsible for the health and welfare of their residents, communities, lands, and cultural heritage.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State governments supplement local efforts before, during, and after incidents by applying in-state resources first.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When an incident expands or has the potential to expand beyond the capability of a local jurisdiction and responders cannot meet the needs with mutual aid and assistance resources, local officials contact the state.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Coordinate warnings and public information through the activation of the state's public communications strategy
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Distribute supplies stockpiled to meet the needs of the emergency.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Provide technical assistance and support to meet the response and recovery needs.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Suspend or waive statutes, rules, ordinances, and orders, to the extent permitted by law, to ensure timely performance of response functions.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Implement state volunteer and donations management plans, and coordinate with the private sector and voluntary organizations.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Order or recommend evacuations ensuring the integration and inclusion of the requirements of populations such as children; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse communities; people with limited English proficiency; and owners of animals, including household pets and service and assistance animals.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Mobilize resources to meet the requirements of individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs in compliance with federal civil rights laws.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
If additional resources are required, states can request assistance from other states through interstate mutual aid and assistance agreements such as the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC).
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
If a state anticipates that its resources may be exceeded, the governor may request assistance from the Federal Government through a Stafford Act declaration.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The public safety and welfare of a state's residents are the fundamental responsibilities of every governor.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor coordinates state resources and provides the strategic guidance for response to all types of incidents. This includes supporting local governments, as needed, and coordinating assistance with other states and the Federal Government.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with state law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with response efforts
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates to the public in an accessible manner (i.e., effective communications to address all members of the whole community)
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of and protective actions for any type of incident
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates with tribal governments within the state
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Commands the state military forces (National Guard personnel not in federal service and state defense forces).
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Many states have designated homeland security advisers who serve as counsel to the governor on homeland security issues.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
May serve as a liaison between the governor's office, the state homeland security structure, and other organizations inside and outside of the state.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The advisor may chair a committee composed of representatives of relevant state agencies, including public safety, the National Guard, emergency management, public health, environment, agriculture, and others charged with developing prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery strategies.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All states have laws mandating the establishment of a state emergency management agency, as well as the emergency plans coordinated by that agency.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The director of the state emergency management agency is responsible for ensuring that the state is prepared to deal with large-scale emergencies and coordinating the statewide response to such incidents. This includes supporting local and tribal governments, as needed; coordinating assistance with other states and the Federal Government; and, in some cases, with NGOs and private sector organizations.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The state emergency management agency may dispatch personnel to assist in the response and recovery effort.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The National Guard is an important state resource available for planning, preparing, and responding to natural or human-caused incidents.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
National Guard members have expertise in critical areas such as emergency medical response; communications; logistics; search and rescue; civil engineering; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear response and planning; and decontamination.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor may order members of the National Guard to state active-duty status to support state functions and activities.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor or the state adjutant general may assign members of the National Guard to assist with state, regional, and federal emergency management plans.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In American Samoa, the governor coordinates response activities with the U.S. Army Reserve because it is the sole U.S. territory with no National Guard.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads and their staffs develop, plan, and train on internal policies and procedures to meet response and recovery needs.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads also provide important links to regional voluntary organizations, business, and industry.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Staff from these departments and agencies also participate in interagency training and exercises to develop and maintain the necessary capabilities and share resources through mutual aid agreements
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads are vital to the state's overall emergency management program because they bring expertise spanning various response functions and serve as core members of the state EOC and ICP.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Many state department and agency heads have direct experience in providing accessible and vital services to the whole community during response operations.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State departments and agencies typically work in close coordination with their federal counterpart agencies during joint state and federal responses.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Under some federal laws, they may request assistance from these federal partners.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the Stafford Act, the chief executive of an affected Indian tribal government may submit a request for a declaration by the President.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Tribal governments are responsible for coordinating resources to address actual or potential incidents.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When coordinating with tribes, language and cultural differences must be considered, as well as overlapping authorities.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Tribes are encouraged to build relationships with local jurisdictions and states because these entities may have resources most readily available.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The chief executive is responsible for the public safety and welfare of his/her respective tribe.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The chief executive coordinates tribal resources and helps guide the response to all types of incidents. This includes coordinating assistance with states, as well as the Federal Government.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with the response
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates with the public in an accessible manner
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of all types of incidents
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Negotiates mutual aid and assistance agreements with other local jurisdictions, states, tribes, territories, and insular area governments
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Can request federal assistance.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Territorial and insular area governments are responsible for coordinating resources to address actual or potential incidents and have many of the same functions states have, as previously listed in this section.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Because of their remote locations, territorial and insular area governments often face unique challenges in receiving assistance from outside the jurisdiction quickly and often request assistance from neighboring islands, other nearby countries, states, the private sector or NGO resources, or the Federal Government.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Additionally, there are language and cultural differences that must be considered, as well as the potential for authorities that overlap with federal authorities.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The territorial/insular area leader is responsible for the public safety and welfare of the people of his/her jurisdiction.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates resources needed to respond to incidents of all types
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with the response
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates with the public in an accessible manner
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of all types of incidents
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Commands the territory's military forces
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Negotiates mutual aid and assistance agreements with other local jurisdictions, states, tribes,
territories, and insular area governments
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Can request federal assistance
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government maintains a wide range of capabilities and resources that may be required to deal with domestic incidents in order to save lives and protect property and the environment while ensuring the protection of privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties and supporting the stabilization of community lifelines.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Any approach to the delivery of response capabilities will require an all-of-nation approach.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All federal departments and agencies must cooperate with one another and with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, community members, voluntary organizations, and the private sector to the maximum extent possible.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government becomes involved with a response when federal interests are involved; when local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular resources are insufficient and federal assistance is requested; or as authorized or required by statute, regulation, or policy.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government may play a supporting role to local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular area authorities by providing federal assistance to the affected parties.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government provides assistance to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area authorities when the President declares a major disaster or emergency under the Stafford Act.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In other instances, the Federal Government may play a leading role in the response where the Federal Government has primary jurisdiction or when incidents occur on federal property (e.g., national parks and military bases).
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Regardless of the type of incident, the President leads the Federal Government response effort to ensure that the necessary resources are applied quickly and efficiently to large-scale and catastrophic incidents
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Different federal departments or agencies lead coordination of the Federal Government's response, depending on the type and magnitude of the incident, and are also supported by other agencies that bring their relevant capabilities to bear in responding to the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In conjunction with these efforts, the statutory mission of DHS is to act as a focal point regarding natural and human-caused crises and emergency planning
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Pursuant to the Homeland Security Act and Presidential directive, the Secretary of Homeland Security is the principal federal official for domestic incident management.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security coordinates preparedness activities within the United States to respond to and recover from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security coordinates with federal entities to provide for federal unity of efforts for domestic incident management
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security..... provides the executive branch with an overall architecture for domestic incident management, and coordinates the federal response, as required.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitors activities, assesses risk, and activates specific response mechanisms to support other federal departments and agencies without assuming the overall coordination of the federal response during incidents that do not require the Secretary of Homeland Security to coordinate the response or do not result in a Stafford Act declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Other federal departments and agencies carry out their response authorities and responsibilities within this overarching construct of DHS coordination.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Various federal departments and agencies may have statutory responsibilities and lead roles based on the unique circumstances of the incident.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Ensures that overall federal actions are unified, complete, and synchronized to prevent unfilled gaps in the Federal Government's overarching effort. This coordinated approach ensures that the federal actions undertaken by DHS and other departments and agencies are harmonized and mutually supportive.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Executes these coordination responsibilities, in part, by engaging directly with the President and relevant Cabinet, department, agency, and DHS component heads, as is necessary, to ensure a focused, efficient, and unified federal preparedness posture.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All federal departments and agencies, in turn, cooperate with the Secretary of Homeland Security in executing domestic incident management duties.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security's responsibilities also include management of the broad emergency management and response authorities of FEMA and other DHS components.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DHS component heads may have lead response roles or other significant roles, depending on the type and severity of the incident
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The U.S. Secret Service is the lead agency for security design, planning, and implementation of national special security events.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Assistant Director for Cybersecurity for DHS's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) coordinates the response to significant cyber incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The FEMA Administrator is the principal adviser to the President, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the National Security Council regarding emergency management.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, in carrying out the Stafford Act
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, in the operation of the NRCC and RRCCs
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, the effective support of all ESFs
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assisting the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, more generally, in preparation for, protection against, response to, and recovery from all types of incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Reporting to the Secretary of Homeland Security, the FEMA Administrator is also responsible for managing the core DHS grant programs supporting homeland security activities
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General has lead responsibility for criminal investigations of terrorist acts or terrorist threats by individuals or groups inside the United States or directed at U.S. citizens or institutions abroad, where such acts are within the federal criminal jurisdiction of the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General is also responsible for related intelligence collection activities within the United States, subject to the National Security Act of 1947 (as amended) and other applicable laws, Executive Order 12333 (as amended), and Attorney General-approved procedures pursuant to that Executive order.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Acting through the FBI, the Attorney General, in cooperation with other federal departments and agencies engaged in activities to protect the national security, shall also coordinate the activities of the other members of the law enforcement community to detect, prevent, preempt, and disrupt terrorist attacks against the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In addition, the Attorney General, generally acting through the FBI Director, has primary responsibility for searching for, finding, and neutralizing weapons of mass destruction within the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General approves requests submitted by state governors, pursuant to the Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance Act, for personnel and other federal law enforcement support during incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General also enforces federal civil rights laws, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Defense has authority, direction, and control over DoD.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DoD resource may be committed when requested by another federal agency and approved by the Secretary of Defense or when directed by the President.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Certain DoD officials and DoD component heads, by statue an/or policy are authorized to approve certain types of support to civil authorities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When DoD resources are authorized to support civil authorities, command of those forces remains with the Secretary of Defense.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Under the command and control of the Secretary of Defense, the operational coordination and employment of such resources are normally led by the designated Combatant Command (e.g., U.S. Northern Command, Southern Command, or Indo-Pacific Command).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DoD elements in the incident area of operations coordinate closely with response organizations at all levels.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
A domestic incident may have international and diplomatic implications that call for coordination and consultation with foreign governments and international organizations.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of State is responsible for all communication and coordination between the U.S. Government and other nations regarding the response to a domestic crisis.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Department of State also coordinates international offers of assistance and formally accepts or declines these offers on behalf of the U.S. Government, based on needs conveyed by federal departments and agencies, as stated in the International Coordination Support Annex.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence serves as the head of the intelligence community.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence acts as the principal advisor to the President for intelligence matters relating to national security
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence oversees and directs implementation of the National Intelligence Program
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The intelligence community, comprising 17 elements across the Federal Government, functions consistent with laws, Executive orders, regulations, and policies to support the national security-related missions of the U.S. Government
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence provides a range of analytic products, including those that assess threats to the homeland and inform planning, capability development, and operational activities of homeland security enterprise partners and stakeholders
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In addition to intelligence community elements with specific homeland security missions, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence maintains a number of mission and support centers that provide unique capabilities for homeland security partners.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The federal ESFs bring together the capabilities of federal departments and agencies and other national-level assets.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The core capabilities are delivered to stabilize the community lifelines.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Any core capability may be required to help stabilize any community lifeline; therefore, any ESF can contribute toward the stabilization of any community lifeline in coordination with the lead ESF.
Recommendation
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal ESFs are groups of organizations that work together to deliver core capabilities to stabilize community lifelines in support of an effective response. In addition, there are responsibilities and actions associated with federal ESFs that extend beyond the core capabilities and support other response activities, as well as department and agency responsibilities.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
While ESFs are primarily a federal coordinating mechanism, states and other organizations or levels of government may adopt the construct, as well.
Recommendation
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal ESF coordinators oversee the preparedness activities for a particular ESF and coordinate with its primary and support agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining contact with ESF primary and support agencies through conference calls, meetings, training activities, and exercises.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitoring the ESF's progress in delivering the core capabilities in an effort to stabilize the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating efforts with corresponding private sector, NGO, and federal partner.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Ensuring the ESF is engaged in appropriate planning and preparedness activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Sharing information and coordinating across the spectrum of primary and support agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
ESF primary agencies have significant authorities, roles, resources, and capabilities for a particular function within an ES
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Orchestrating support and strategy development within their functional area for the appropriate response core capabilities and other ESF missions.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Notifying and requesting assistance from support agencies
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Managing mission assignments (in Stafford Act incidents), and coordinating with support agencies, as well as appropriate state officials, operations centers, and other stakeholders
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating resources resulting from mission assignments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Working with all types of organizations to maximize the use of all available resources
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitoring progress in delivering core capability and other ESF missions, and providing that information as part of situational and periodic readiness or preparedness assessments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, and transition to long-term recovery support operations
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to prevent or respond to new or emerging threats and hazards or to validate and improve capabilities to address changing risks
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Promoting physical accessibility, programmatic inclusion, and effective communication for the whole community, including individuals with disabilities
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
ESF support agencies have specific capabilities or resources that support primary agencies in executing the mission of the ESF.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Participating in planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, transition to long-term recovery support operations, and the development of supporting operational plans, standard operating procedures, checklists, or other job aids
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Providing input to periodic readiness assessments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to respond to new or emerging threats and hazards or to improve the ability to address existing threats
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating resources resulting from response mission assignments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the support of management of transportation systems and infrastructure, the regulation of transportation, management of the Nation's airspace, and ensuring the safety and security of the national transportation system.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: transportation modes management and control; transportation safety; stabilization and reestablishment of transportation infrastructure; movement restrictions; and damage and impact assessment.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates government and industry efforts for the reestablishment and provision of critical communications infrastructure and services, facilitates the stabilization of systems and applications from malicious activity (e.g., cyber), and coordinates communications support to response efforts (e.g., emergency communication services and emergency alerts and telecommunications).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: coordination with telecommunications and information technology industries; coordination of the reestablishment and provision of critical communications infrastructure; protection, reestablishment, and sustainment of national cyber and information technology resources; oversight of communications within the federal response structures; and facilitation of the stabilization of systems and applications from cyber events.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the capabilities and resources to facilitate the delivery of services, technical assistance, engineering expertise, construction management, and other support to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a disaster or an incident
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: infrastructure protection and emergency repair; critical infrastructure reestablishment; engineering services and construction management; and emergency contracting support for life-saving and life-sustaining services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the support for the detection and suppression of fires.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to supporting wildland, rural, and urban firefighting operations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Supports and facilitates multiagency planning and coordination for operations involving incidents requiring federal coordination
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: deliberate and crisis action planning; and information collection, analysis, visualization and dissemination.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the delivery of mass care and emergency assistance.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: mass care; emergency assistance; temporary housing; and human services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates comprehensive incident resource planning, management, and sustainment capability to meet the needs of disaster survivors and responders.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: comprehensive national incident logistics planning, management, and sustainment capability; and resource support (e.g., facility space, office equipment and supplies, and contracting services).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the mechanisms for assistance in response to an actual or potential public health and medical disaster or incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: public health; medical surge support, including patient movement; behavioral health services; mass fatality management; and veterinary, medical, and public health services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the rapid deployment of search and rescue resources to provide specialized life-saving assistance.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: structural collapse (urban) search and rescue; maritime/coastal/waterborne search and rescue; and land search and rescue.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates support in response to an actual or potential discharge and/or release of oil or hazardous materials.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: environmental assessment of the nature and extent of oil and hazardous materials contamination; and environmental decontamination and cleanup, including buildings/structures and management of contaminated waste.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates a variety of functions designed to protect the Nation's food supply, respond to pest and disease incidents impacting agriculture, and protect natural and cultural resources.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: nutrition assistance; agricultural disease and pest response; technical expertise, coordination, and support of animal and agricultural emergency management; meat, poultry, and processed egg products safety and defense; and natural and cultural resources and historic properties protection.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Facilitates the reestablishment of damaged energy systems and components, and provides technical expertise during an incident involving radiological/nuclear materials.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: energy infrastructure assessment, repair, and reestablishment; energy industry utilities coordination; and energy forecast.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the integration of public safety and security capabilities and resources to support the full range of incident management activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: facility and resource security; security planning and technical resource assistance; public safety and security support; and support to access, traffic, and crowd control.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates cross-sector operations with infrastructure owners and operators, businesses, and their government partners, with particular focus on actions taken by businesses and infrastructure owners and operators in one sector to assist other sectors to better prevent or mitigate cascading failures between them. Focuses particularly on those sectors not currently aligned to other ESFs (e.g., the Financial Services Sector).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: assessment, analysis, and situational awareness of cross-sector challenges; and facilitates operational coordination with critical infrastructure sectors.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the release of accurate, coordinated, timely, and accessible public information to affected audiences, including the government, media, NGOs, and the private sector. Works closely with state and local officials to ensure outreach to the whole community.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following:
? Public affairs and the Joint Information Center; intergovernmental (local, state, tribal, territorial, nongovernmental, and private sector) affairs; and congressional affairs.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Emergency Support Function Leadership Group (ESFLG) is composed of federal departments and agencies designated as coordinators for ESFs or coordinating agencies for other NRF annexes. The ESFLG provides a forum for departments and agencies with roles in federal incident response to jointly address matters pertaining to the community lifelines, emergency response policy, preparedness, operations, and training. The ESFLG promotes federal unity of effort through the exchange of information and coordinated decision making during disaster response. FEMA leads the ESFLG and is responsible for coordinating steady-state and operational activities.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The heads of all federal departments and agencies provide their full and prompt cooperation, resources, and support, as appropriate and consistent with their own responsibilities, for protecting the national security. Various federal departments or agencies play primary, coordinating, or support roles in delivering response core capabilities. In some circumstances, other federal agencies may have a lead or support role in coordinating operations or elements of operations, consistent with applicable legal authorities. Nothing in the NRF precludes a federal department or agency from executing its existing authorities. For all incidents, federal department and agency heads serve as advisors for the executive branch relative to their areas of responsibility. Federal departments and agencies designated as coordinating and cooperating agencies in NRF support annexes conduct a variety of activities, to include managing specific functions and missions and providing federal support within their functional areas.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal assistance can be provided to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area jurisdictions, as well as to other federal departments and agencies, through several different mechanisms and authorities. Federal financial assistance may also be available for disability-related access and functional needs equipment.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Different federal departments or agencies lead coordination of the Federal Government's response actions, depending on their express and implied statutory authorities and based on the type and magnitude of the incident. Federal departments or agencies are supported by other agencies who bring relevant capabilities that support those affected by the incident.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may provide assistance in the form of funding, resources, and services.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies respect the sovereignty and responsibilities of local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, while rendering assistance that supports the affected local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular governments.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments do not require federal assistance to respond to most incidents; however, when an incident is of such severity and magnitude that effective response is beyond the capabilities of the local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, the governor or chief executive of a tribe can request federal assistance under the Stafford Act.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
In certain circumstances, the President may declare an emergency without a request from a governor when the primary responsibility for response rests with the United States because the emergency involves a subject area for which, under the Constitution or laws of the United States, the United States exercises exclusive or preeminent responsibility and authority.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act authorizes the President to provide financial and other assistance to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments; certain private nonprofit organizations; and individuals to support response, recovery, and mitigation efforts following a Stafford Act emergency or major disaster declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Most forms of Stafford Act assistance require a cost share. While federal assistance under the Stafford Act may only be delivered after a declaration, FEMA may pre-deploy federal assets when a declaration is likely and imminent.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act provides for two types of declarations: An emergency declaration is more limited in scope than a major disaster declaration, involves fewer federal programs, and is not normally associated with recovery programs. However, the President may issue an emergency declaration prior to an actual incident to lessen or avert the threat of a catastrophe. Generally, federal assistance and funding are provided to meet specific emergency needs or to help prevent a catastrophe from occurring.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act provides for two types of declarations: A major disaster declaration provides more federal programs for response and recovery than an emergency declaration. Unlike an emergency declaration, a major disaster declaration may only be issued after an incident.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Immediate life-saving assistance to states, tribes, territories, and insular areas, as well as other types of assistance, such as wildland firefighting support or response to an agricultural disease or significant cyber incident, are performed by federal departments or agencies under their own authorities and funding or through reciprocal mutual assistance agreements.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Some federal departments or agencies have authorities to declare specific types of disasters or emergencies and conduct or lead federal response actions using funding sources other than the Disaster Relief Fund. For example, specific trust funds are established under federal environmental laws to support and fund oil and hazardous substances response operations.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Similarly, federal land management agencies are required at all times to respond to incidents of all magnitudes that occur on or impact federal lands managed by those agencies, while federal departments and agencies acting under the trust doctrine can provide financial and programmatic support to tribes, when requested.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
When the Secretary of Homeland Security is not coordinating the overall response, federal departments and agencies may coordinate federal operations under their own statutory authorities or as designated by the President and may activate response structures applicable to those authorities.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The head of the department or agency may also request the Secretary of Homeland Security to activate NRF structures and elements (e.g. Incident Management Assistance Teams and National Operation Center elements) to provide additional assistance, while still retaining leadership for the response
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies carry out their response authorities and responsibilities within the NRF's overarching construct or under supplementary or complementary operational plans.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Agricultural and Food Incident] The Secretary of Agriculture has the authority to declare an extraordinary emergency and take action because of the presence of a pest or disease of livestock that threatens livestock in the United States. (7 U.S.C. § 8306 [2007]). The Secretary of Agriculture also has the authority to declare an extraordinary emergency and take action because of the presence of a plant pest or noxious weed whose presence threatens plants or plant products of the United States. (7 U.S.C. § 7715 [2007]).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Public Health and Medical Incident]The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services has the authority to take actions to protect the public health and welfare, declare a public health emergency, and to prepare for and respond to public health emergencies (Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 201 et seq.).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Public Health and Medical Incident] The Public Health Service Act (PHSA), as amended by the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act, Public Law No. 113-5, forms the foundation of HHS legal authority for responding to public health emergencies (Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 201 et seq.). The Project BioShield Act amended the PHSA to provide flexible authorities to expedite and enhance research, development, procurement, and stockpiling of medical countermeasures for a biological incident (Public Law 108-276 (as amended at 21 U.S.C. § 360bbb-3; 42 U.S.C. §§ 247d-6a, 247d-6b).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills] The EPA and USCG have the authority to take actions to respond to oil discharges and releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, and contaminants, including leading the response. (42 U.S.C. § 9601 et seq., 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et seq.). The EPA Administrator and Commandant of the USCG36 may also classify an oil discharge as a spill of national significance and designate senior officials to participate in the response. (40 CFR Part 300.323)
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Cyber Incident] The FBI has the designation of federal lead agency for threat response activities (PPD-41). Threat response activities include the law enforcement and national security investigation of a cyber incident, including collecting evidence, linking related incidents, gathering intelligence, identifying opportunities for threat pursuit and disruption, and providing attribution. ODNI, through the Cyber Threat intelligence Integration Center, is the lead federal agency for intelligence support and related activities. DHS has the responsibility for asset response activities, such as providing technical assets and assistance to mitigate vulnerabilities and reducing the impact of the incident, identifying and assessing the risk posed to other entities and mitigating those risks, and providing guidance on how to leverage federal resources and capabilities (PPD-41). The Cyber UCG will also include relevant sector-specific agencies if a cyber incident affects or is likely to affect the sectors they represent. FEMA maintains the responsibility for coordinating consequence management for physical impacts to the population.
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
When a federal department or agency has responsibility for directing or managing a major aspect of a response coordinated by the Secretary of Homeland Security, that organization is part of the national leadership for the incident and is represented in field, regional, and headquarters unified command and coordination organizations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies may execute interagency or intra-agency reimbursable agreements in accordance with the Economy Act or other applicable authorities. The Financial Management Support Annex to the NRF contains information about this process. A federal department or agency responding to an incident under its own authorities may also request support from the Secretary of Homeland Security in obtaining and coordinating additional federal assistance. The Secretary of Homeland Security may activate one or more ESFs to provide the requested support
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
FEMA, the Department of State, and other Federal agencies use the International Assistance Systems Concept of Operations to manage the acceptance or request of international resources following a Stafford Act declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may execute a process to 'pull' resources from international partners where the assistance meets known requirements identified by the local, state, tribal, territorial, insular or Federal officials in the disaster area based on a request from an authorized Federal response agency for resources that are urgently needed but not available in the United States.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may operate a 'push' process when accepting the assistance that addresses Federal Government diplomatic interests even when foreign assistance has not been requested.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government only accepts commodities that can enter the country without significant regulatory agency oversight or inspection and that can readily be used. FEMA coordinates through the ESFs and with regulatory agencies to ensure assets are appropriate to be applied to the disaster and meet statutory or regulatory requirements.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
The NRF covers the full range of complex and constantly changing requirements in anticipation of or in response to threats or actual incidents.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
In addition to Stafford Act support, the NRF or other supplementary or complementary operational plans may be applied to respond or provide other forms of support.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The President may designate, and departments and agencies may recommend through the interagency policy process, an LFA to manage the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
When an LFA is designated, the LFA appoints a senior response official to carry out its responsibilities employing the NRF, NDRF, and NIMS. The senior response official is the Federal Government's senior representative fully dedicated to the response, demonstrates national-level leadership in a time of crisis, and acts as the face and voice of the Federal response when interacting with other senior Federal, state, tribal, territorial, or insular, private sector, nongovernmental, and elected officials as well as the media and the public.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Government Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, Communities, Private Sector Entities
Federal Authorities
When directed by the President or requested by an agency head, FEMA's incident management capabilities may be used on a reimbursable basis under the Economy Act to support an LFA in carrying out the aforementioned responsibilities. FEMA may adjust the scale of its support to ensure execution of its statutory responsibilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
Operational planning is conducted across the whole community, including the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government. Operational planning is guided by objectives and priorities identified in related strategic plans and an understanding of the risks that affect an organization or jurisdiction.
Recommendation, Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The NRF fosters unity of effort for emergency operations planning by providing common doctrine and purpose, which integrates both the National Preparedness System and the National Planning System.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Planning is fundamental to national preparedness. Plans are a continuous, evolving instrument of anticipated actions that maximize opportunities and guide response operations. Because planning is an ongoing process, a plan is a product based on information and understanding at the moment and is subject to revision.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The National Planning System provides a unified approach and common terminology for deliberate and incident action planning. Deliberate planning involves developing strategic, operational, and tactical plans to prevent, protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from a jurisdiction's threats or hazards. Incident action planning, sometimes referred to as crisis action planning, occurs in a time-constrained environment to develop or rapidly adapt operational and tactical plans in response to an imminent or ongoing incident.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Deliberate plans provide the starting point for incident response and recovery and provide much of the required information for incident action planning, which is then adapted to meet operational conditions. The planning process includes a feedback loop for continual refinement of deliberate and incident plans to more effectively address incident priorities and objectives. Incident plans are continually refined throughout an incident, based on emerging operational conditions. Incident plans can also support the modification and improvement of deliberate plans through after-action and lessons-learned processes.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Response to emergencies and disasters will be most effective when communities conduct risk- and capability-based planning.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Support provided by the National Risk Management Center and tools such as the Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Stakeholder, Preparedness Review, and Core Capability Development Sheets help communities to set risk-based capability targets, evaluate capability gaps, and develop strategies to build and sustain discrete capabilities. These activities inform resource investment and allocation, drive deliberate planning efforts focused on the most challenging risks, and help government and private sector officials understand response and recovery capacities and identify where mutual aid or other assistance may fill capability gaps.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The National Planning System and Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 provide further information on the various types of plans and guidance on the fundamentals of planning.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal planning is integrated to align, link, and synchronize response actions to enable federal departments and agencies and other national-level partners to provide the right resources at the right time to support local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area government response operations. Integrated planning provides answers for which traditional and nontraditional partners can deliver capabilities that stabilize community lifelines and ultimately support the recovery of the community.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The NRF is based on the concept of tiered response with an understanding that most incidents start at the local or tribal level, and as needs exceed resources and capabilities, additional local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, or federal assets may be required.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The FIOP for response and recovery, therefore, is intended to align with other local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area government, and federal plans to ensure that all response partners share a common operational focus. Similarly, integration occurs at the federal level among the departments, agencies, and nongovernmental partners that compose the respective mission area through the frameworks, FIOPs, and departmental and agency operations plans
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Implementation of the concepts within the NRF and related FIOP are mandatory for federal departments and agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
While the NRF does not direct the actions of other response elements, the guidance contained in the NRF and the FIOP is intended to inform local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, as well as NGOs and the private sector, regarding how the Federal Government responds to incidents. These partners can use this information to inform their planning and ensure that assumptions regarding federal assistance and response and the manner in which federal support will be provided are accurate.
Recommendation, Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
At the federal level, the NRF is supported by the FIOP. Incident annexes to the FIOP address unique concepts of operations or capabilities for risks not otherwise addressed by the FIOP. The concepts in the NRF and NIMS guide federal operational response planning and the FIOP, which provides further information regarding roles and responsibilities and identifies the critical tasks, resourcing, and sourcing requirements. The NRF does not contain detailed descriptions of specific department or agency functions because such information is located in department- or agency-level operational plans. Federal department and agency plans should, at a minimum, address the execution of their roles and responsibilities in support of the NRF and FIOP to deliver the core capabilities.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
National preparedness and sustainment of essential functions are a shared responsibility of the whole community. Continuity considerations should be incorporated into the planning process. Continuity is not strictly a governmental responsibility, nor is it limited to a specific critical infrastructure sector. Effective continuity planning helps to ensure the uninterrupted ability to engage partners; to respond appropriately with scaled, flexible, and adaptable operational capabilities; to specify succession to office and delegations of authority to protect the unity of effort and command; and to account for the availability of responders, regardless of the threat or hazard.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Ensuring the continuity of community lifeline operations is a critical part of responding to a disaster. Continuity planning and operations increase the likelihood of uninterrupted coordination across jurisdictions, levels of government, and the private sector, particularly during catastrophic incidents. For example, effective response operations require the operability, interoperability, and continuity of communications. The National Emergency Communications Plan provides the whole community with a strategic plan that establishes a shared vision for and coordinates the complex mission of maintaining and improving emergency communications capabilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Continuity considerations, including community lifeline interdependencies, should be built into all plans and guidance and supported by leadership at all levels. Without the implementation of continuity principles, private sector organizations and governments at all levels may be unable to provide services and sustainment of community lifelines when needed the most
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
To assist NRF users, FEMA maintains electronic versions of the current NRF documents -the base document, ESF annexes, and support annexes- as well as other supporting materials. FEMA also provides information, training materials, and other tools, such as an overview of the main Stafford Act provisions, a guide to authorities and references, and an abbreviations list to assist response partners in understanding and executing their roles under the NRF. Materials are regularly evaluated, updated, and augmented, as necessary. Additional content may be added or modified at the request of response mission area partners and other users.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
DHS will coordinate and oversee the review and maintenance process for the NRF. The revision process includes developing or updating documents necessary to carry out capabilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
In reviewing the implementation of the NRF, FEMA will consider effective practices and lessons-learned from exercises and operations, as well as pertinent new processes and technologies. Effective practices include continuity planning, which ensures that the capabilities contained in the NRF can continue to be executed, regardless of the threat or hazard. Pertinent new processes and technologies should enable the Nation to adapt efficiently to the evolving risk environment and use data relating to location, context, and interdependencies that allow for effective integration across all missions using a standards-based approach. Updates to the NRF annexes may occur independently from reviews of the base document.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
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Faceted Responsibilities Browser
This faceted browser contains recommendations, requirements, training opportunities and value statements excerpted from the NRF. Select up to four facets using the Select Facets menu, then click Build Facet View. The faceted browser will populate and allow you to downselect by category (recommendation, requirement, training opportunity or value statement), primary partner, specific designee, additional partners/designees, specific role, section, community lifeline or emergency support function. The toggle buttons allow you to narrow or broaden the information displayed by selecting one element of each facet ‘AND/OR’ another. Scroll down and click on a responsibility to view its details.
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
233
Category
Recommendation
96
Requirement
309
Training Opportunity
53
Value Statement
55
Responsibility Details
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First, community lifelines are interdependent and vulnerable to cascading failures.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
Second, community lifeline stabilization relies on businesses and infrastructure owners and operators who have the expertise and primary responsibility for managing their systems in emergencies.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
The NRF is structured to help achieve these goals by establishing a new federal ESF coordinating structure to help mitigate the impact of catastrophic incidents on community lifelines and account for the risk that adversaries will seek to complicate and disrupt U.S. response operations.
Value Statement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
The NRF's structures and procedures address how federal departments and agencies coordinate support for local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments and how government at all levels works in unity with private sector and NGOs.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Introduction
The fourth edition of the NRF describes how the whole community contributes to and benefits from national preparedness and integrated incident response. This includes children; older adults; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse backgrounds; people with limited English proficiency; and owners of animals, including household pets and service and assistance animals
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments understand their needs best and play a critical role in involving the whole community in preparing for and responding to disasters in order to manage risk to communities and infrastructure.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Introduction
Layered, mutually supporting capabilities of individuals, communities, the private sector, NGOs, and governments at all levels allow for coordinated planning in times of calm and effective response in times of crisis.
Value Statement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
Engaged partnership and coalition building include ongoing clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically appropriate communication to ensure an appropriate response.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Introduction
When all levels of government become engaged, a response is federally supported, state managed, and locally executed, with tribes, territories, and insular area governments often managing the response, as well.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
The structures and processes described in the NRF must be able to apply resources from the whole community to support disaster survivors and stabilize the community.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Unified command enables unity of effort when no single jurisdiction, agency, or organization has primary authority and/or the resources to manage an incident on its own.
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
A forward-leaning posture is imperative for incidents that may expand rapidly in size, scope, or complexity, as well as incidents that occur without warning. Decisive action is often required to save lives and protect property and the environment
Value Statement
Communities
Introduction
Proactive efforts are intended to ensure that federal resources reach the scene in time to assist in reducing disruption of normal functions of local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments and are done in coordination and collaboration with the governments, private sector entities, and NGOs, when possible.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Introduction
Stabilizing community lifelines is the primary effort during response to lessen threats and hazards to public health and safety, the economy, and security.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
A community lifeline enables the continuous operation of critical government and business functions and is essential to human health and safety or economic security.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
The lifelines are designed to enable emergency managers, infrastructure owners and operators, and other partners to analyze the root cause of an incident impact and then prioritize and deploy resources to effectively stabilize the lifeline.
Value Statement
Emergency Management Staff
Foundational Components
Similar to the ESFs, other whole community organizations can work together to stabilize lifelines and meet disaster needs.
Value Statement
Communities
Foundational Components
[SAFETY AND SECURITY] Law enforcement and government services, as well as the associated assets that maintain communal security, provide search and rescue, evacuations, and firefighting capabilities, and promote responder safety.
Requirement
Government Organizations
Foundational Components
[FOOD, WATER, SHELTER] Support systems that enable the sustainment of life, such as water treatment, transmission, and distribution systems; food retail and distribution networks; wastewater collection and treatment systems; as well as sheltering, and agriculture.
Requirement
Local Governments, Communities, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[HEALTH AND MEDICAL] Infrastructure and service providers for medical care, public health, patient movement, fatality management, behavioral health, veterinary support, and health or medical supply chains.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[ENERGY] Service providers for electric power infrastructure, composed of generation, transmission, and distribution systems, as well as gas and liquid fuel processing, transportation, and delivery systems. Disruptions can have a limiting effect on the functionality of other community lifelines.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[COMMUNICATIONS] Infrastructure owners and operators of broadband Internet, cellular networks, landline telephony, cable services (to include undersea cable), satellite communications services, and broadcast networks (radio and television). Communication systems encompass a large set of diverse modes of delivery and technologies, often intertwined but largely operating independently. Services include elements such as alerts, warnings, and messages, as well as 911 and dispatch. Also includes accessibility of financial services.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[TRANSPORTATION] Multiple modes of transportation that often serve complementary functions and create redundancy, adding to the inherent resilience in overall transportation networks. Transportation infrastructure generally includes highway/roadways, mass transit, railway, aviation, maritime, pipeline, and intermodal systems.
Requirement
Local Governments, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
[HAZARDOUS MATERIAL] Systems that mitigate threats to public health/welfare and the environment. This includes assessment of facilities that use, generate, and store hazardous substances, as well as specialized conveyance assets and efforts to identify, contain, and remove incident debris, pollution, contaminants, oil or other hazardous substances.
Requirement
Communities, Federal Government
Foundational Components
After an incident, initial assessments of the community lifelines (i.e., whether they are impacted and to what extent) help establish incident priorities and objectives that drive response actions. Continuously reassessing the status of community lifelines enables decision-makers to adjust operations in ways that can accelerate incident stabilization.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Using the community lifelines enables emergency managers and decision makers at all levels (e.g., business and infrastructure owners and operators, economic development agencies, comptrollers, public health officials, and healthcare providers) to understand and assess impacts on a community, identify limiting factors, and quickly develop solutions following an incident.
Recommendation
Emergency Management Staff, All Response Personnel, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), in coordination with the sector-specific agencies, has identified National Critical Functions that enable the Federal Government, in partnership with infrastructure owners and operators, to improve the risk management process before and after an incident and can support community lifeline assessments and stabilization efforts.
Requirement
Federal Government, Private Sector Entities, Local Governments
Foundational Components
The intent is to efficiently stabilize the incident by anticipating, resourcing, and managing immediate threats to life and property and to set the conditions for longer-term infrastructure restoration and economic and community recovery.
Value Statement
Emergency Management Staff, All Response Personnel, Private Sector Entities, Communities
Foundational Components
Community lifelines can be used by all levels of government, the private sector, and other partners to facilitate operational coordination and drive outcome-based response.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, Private Sector Entities
Foundational Components
The purpose of NIMS is to provide a common approach to managing incidents. NIMS concepts provide for standardized but flexible incident management and support practices that emphasize common principles, a consistent approach for operational structures and supporting mechanisms, and an integrated approach to resource management.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
All of the components of NIMS -resource management, command and coordination, and communications and information management- support response.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Communities apply NIMS principles to integrate response plans and resources across jurisdictions, departments, the private sector, and NGOs.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Neighboring communities or organizations play a key role by providing support through a network of mutual aid and assistance agreements that identify the resources that communities may share during an incident.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Additionally, private sector organizations often establish mutual aid agreements with each other to increase capabilities and expedite their response.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Qualification System (NQS) addresses this challenge by providing a common language and approach for qualifying, certifying, and credentialing incident management and support personnel. NQS provides the tools for jurisdictions and organizations to share resources seamlessly. Using the NQS approach helps to ensure personnel deploying through mutual aid agreements and com
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Using the core capabilities construct enables communities and organizations to focus on specific preparedness measures necessary to ensure that the capabilities are available when needed.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Preparedness Goal describes the core capabilities necessary to be prepared for all threats and hazards. The core capabilities provide a common vocabulary describing the significant functions that must be maintained and executed across the whole community to achieve the goal of a 'secure and resilient nation.'
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[PREVENTION] Avoiding, preventing, or stopping a threatened or actual act of terrorism. Within the context of national preparedness, the term 'prevention' refers to dealing with imminent threats.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[PROTECTION] Securing the homeland against acts of terrorism and human-caused or natural disasters.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[MITIGATION] Reducing loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[RESPONSE] Saving lives, stabilizing community lifelines, protecting property and the environment, and meeting basic human needs after an incident has occurred.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
[RECOVERY] Assisting impacted communities with restoration and revitalization.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The response core capabilities are the activities that generally must be accomplished in incident response, regardless of which levels of government are involved.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Core capabilities are used to organize, analyze, and build the functions and services needed in response. The core capabilities developed during the preparedness cycle are applied throughout response to stabilize community lifelines and enable recovery.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
By engaging the whole community to build and deliver the response core capabilities, the Nation is better prepared to respond to a threat or hazard; to assist in restoring basic services, community functionality, and economic activity; and to facilitate the integration of recovery activities.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response organizations coordinate with those responsible for preventing imminent acts of terrorism or an attack (e.g., a significant cyber incident causing cascading and/or physical impacts) to understand both potential and specific threats and to prepare accordingly by creating plans for general threats and crisis action plans for credible threats.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
When an incident may have been caused by an intentional act, response organizations coordinate closely with law enforcement agencies to attribute the cause and prevent additional follow-on instances.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies coordinate with law enforcement agencies to enable themselves to prepare, train, stage, and plan for the delivery of consequence management capabilities.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies must coordinate with the owners of properties impacted by a particular incident who have the first responsibility for prevention, protection, and response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Protection of critical infrastructure systems and implementation of plans for the rapid restoration of commercial activities and critical infrastructure operations are crucial aspects of the protection mission area.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response agencies should utilize the sector coordination constructs (e.g., sector-specific agencies or sector coordinating councils) to elicit advice and recommendations regarding systemic vulnerabilities, cross-sector interdependencies, and sector-level challenges that could hinder restoration.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Impacts to infrastructure may result in the need for consequence management (e.g., cyberattacks).
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
The National Mitigation Investment Strategy recommends actions for all national stakeholders involved in disaster resilience to reduce risks to and impacts on lifelines, buildings, infrastructure, ecosystems, and cultural, historic, and natural resources
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Planning, response, and regulatory organizations coordinate to reduce risks to critical infrastructure by evaluating potential threats, encouraging resiliency in infrastructure, and planning for redundancy in services
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Response operations should leverage those organizations with relevant risk management equities to ascertain threats and hazards, understand vulnerabilities, and predict lifeline and survivor impacts or needs to enable more expedient response operations.
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
Opportunities to lessen the risks of future hazards are an important element to building national resilience.
Requirement
Federal Government, Local Governments
Foundational Components
As response activities are underway, recovery operations must begin
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Applying the community lifelines construct enables response officials to more effectively identify the requirements and sequence steps in the recovery process, including activities that support the economy, by focusing them on vital areas of community support.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
This includes providing essential public health and safety services; restoring interrupted utility and other essential services; reestablishing transportation routes and other infrastructure (e.g., agriculture), providing food, water, and shelter for those displaced by an incident; protecting natural and cultural resources and ensuring environmental compliance; ensuring equal access to services in accordance with applicable laws; reunifying children, adults, and household pets who have been separated from their families/guardians; and reopening schools and child care centers.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Response organizations are responsible for setting the conditions that foster a quick and seamless integration of recovery operations and establish conditions that enable a community's recovery.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Effective recovery support also depends on successful information sharing between the ESFs and the six Recovery Support Functions (RSF) under the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF).
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Recovery programs -including sheltering and housing, volunteer organization coordination, donations management, small business and agriculture assistance or loans, as well as other disaster assistance- often support response and recovery objectives.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Ensuring that operational plans properly account for the integration of all mission areas is essential.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Foundational Components
Successful incident management often depends on the cooperation of multiple jurisdictions, levels of government, functional agencies, NGOs and emergency responder disciplines, and the private sector, which requires effective coordination across a broad spectrum of activities and organizations.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, Non-Governmental Organizations, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Accordingly, the optimal disaster response follows the model of being locally executed; state, tribal, territorial, or insular area managed; and federally supported with private sector and NGO engagement throughout.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
Public sector government resources alone cannot provide all the solutions when responding to incidents. Acting within regulatory and authoritative guidelines, government entities and the private sector can provide mutually beneficial incident-specific response support
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
All elements of the community should be activated, engaged, and integrated to respond to a major or catastrophic incident. This all-inclusive approach helps expand and expedite the availability of resources, capabilities, and solution sets for incident response
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When severe incidents disrupt community lifelines, private sector and NGO capabilities can assist with stabilizing lifelines and restoring services.
Recommendation
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Similar to public sector mutual aid and support agreements, it is essential that government and private sector organizations engage in collaboration before an incident to effectively partner during incident response.
Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Businesses and infrastructure owners and operators have primary responsibility for operating and repairing their systems in emergencies.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
Businesses and infrastructure owners and operators also have unique expertise and capabilities to conduct restoration operations of their own systems, execute voluntary mutual assistance operations within their sectors, and provide valuable resources for cross-sector support.
Recommendation
Private Sector Entities
Operational Coordination
When catastrophic incidents put a premium on the restoration of complex supply chains (especially for essential products and services needed for response efforts and stabilizing the economy), private sector coordination and assets are vital for public health and safety, the economy, and national security.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The private sector can also help government agencies prioritize support missions (e.g., debris removal) to facilitate business and infrastructure response operations.
Recommendation, Value Statement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
In coordination with local governments, private sector organizations have a critical role in re- establishing commercial activities and restoring critical infrastructure operations the community requires following a disruption.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Assess cross-sector interdependencies and obstacles to meeting survivor needs
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify opportunities to enable or support prompt stabilization of community lifelines
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify where government support is appropriate and available
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
Identify opportunities to synchronize response operations with private sector efforts to ensure the most effective approach to reach as many survivors as possible.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Government Organizations
Operational Coordination
These organizations, composed of multiple businesses and entities brought together by shared geography or common function (e.g., banking, supply chain management, transportation, venue, and management), support the collaboration, communication, and sharing of information within the private sector.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Such organizations can coordinate with and support NGOs and, in many cases, serve as a conduit to government coordinating structures.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Strengthening the relationship between private sector and government coordinating structures enhances information sharing and operational response.
Requirement
Private Sector Entities, Local Governments, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
During a disaster, those closest to the impacted areas -individuals, families, neighbors, businesses, and emergency responders comprising the community- are the first ones active in response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local partners know their community's needs, capabilities, and resources best and are positioned to have the most effective impact in the aftermath of an incident.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Locally executed response focuses on how the complex network of local, voluntary, and private sector organizations integrate their capabilities to restore damaged infrastructure, restart the flow of products and services, and place essential items into the hands of survivors
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local governments and communities, therefore, provide the true operational coordination for executing an effective response and can draw on the support of additional state and federal resources when their own resources prove insufficient.
Requirement
Local Governments, Communities, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Emergency responders at all levels of government use NIMS and ICS command and coordinating structures to manage and support response operations
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
Emergency operations centers (EOC) are facilities where staff coordinate information and resources to support on-scene incident management.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Staff in EOCs at all levels of government may also encourage participation by the private sector, including NGOs, academia, associations, and access and functional needs community organizations.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Staff in EOCs at all levels of government may also encourage participation by private sector elements including NGOs, academia, associations, and organizations representing those with disabilities and others with access and functional needs.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
At the local level, coordinating structures are usually composed of entities within specific functional areas, such as public works, law enforcement, emergency medical services, and fire departments.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Incident management may also involve Multiagency Coordination Groups (MAC Groups). A MAC Group is composed of senior officials, such as agency administrators, executives, or their designees, who are authorized to represent or commit agency resources and funds in support of incident activities.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
A MAC Group acts as an executive- or policy-level body during incidents, supporting resource prioritization and allocation, and enabling decision making among elected and appointed officials and those responsible for managing the incident (i.e., the incident commander)
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
In some communities and jurisdictions, MAC Groups are located at or near EOCs in order to authorize additional resources, approve emergency authorities, and provide guidance on issues.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Local jurisdictions and states employ a variety of coordinating structures to help identify risks, establish relationships, and organize and build capabilities
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[Example] Examples of local response coordinating structures include local planning committees, healthcare coalitions, Community Emergency Response Teams (CERT), and chapters of national-level associations.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
These local and regional coordinating structures organize and integrate their capabilities and resources with neighboring jurisdictions, the state, the private sector, and NGOs.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff, Local Governments, Federal Government, Non-Governmental Organizations, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State governments serve as agents for local jurisdictions by managing the delivery of federal disaster assistance to meet local requirements
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The local incident command structure directs on-scene incident management activities and maintains command and control of on-scene incident operations.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State EOCs are activated as necessary to support local EOCs and to help ensure that responders have the resources they need to conduct response activities. This is achieved through integration of state- level coordinating structures working with local coordinating structures or the local incident command structure.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
State, tribal, territorial, and insular area EOCs also provide a common location for coordination of state/tribal/territorial/insular area -and in some cases, federal- support to local EOCs and/or incident personnel
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Many states involve their tribal counterparts within the EOC to ensure that tribal coordinating structures are integrated into the delivery of capabilities and tribal needs are addressed.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
States, territories, and insular areas also leverage the capabilities and resources of partners across the state/territory/insular area when identifying needs and building capabilities...These [coordinating] structures are also designed to leverage appropriate representatives from across the whole community, some of whom may also participate in local or regional coordinating structures.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Many states, territories, and insular areas create independent committees or councils focused on specific areas or functions as a sub-set of their emergency management agency.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The United States has a trust responsibility with federally recognized Indian tribes and recognizes their right to self-government.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
This trust doctrine requires the Federal Government to protect tribal treaty rights, lands, assets, and resources while providing support through statutory authority and other programs.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Under the Stafford Act, federally recognized Indian tribes may directly request their own emergency and major declaration or they may request assistance under a state request. In addition, federally recognized Indian tribes can request federal assistance for incidents that impact the tribe but do not result in a Stafford Act declaration. Given their unique position, tribal governments often have planning and response requirements that are the equivalent of state and local operational coordination during an incident.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Tribes may have internal coordinating structures and facilities for incident response, as well as others that include bordering states and neighboring jurisdictions.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The Tribal Assistance Coordination Group (TAC-G) is a MAC Group that assists federally recognized tribes during emergencies and disasters and provides information and technical assistance for tribal emergency management programs in coordination with federal partners.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The TAC-G is led and managed by the Bureau of Indian Affairs Emergency Management Program.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The TAC-G consists of partners from all levels of government (local, state, tribal, territorial, insular, or federal), as well as nonprofit aid organizations and the private sector.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The desired end-state for federal incident response is achieved when local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area entities no longer require Federal Government assistance to provide life-saving or life- sustaining support, thereby allowing for the transition to recovery.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
When an incident occurs that exceeds or is anticipated to exceed local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular area resources or when an incident is managed by federal departments or agencies acting under their own authorities, the Federal Government may use the management structures described within the NRF.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Additionally, the Federal Government may use supplementary or complementary plans to involve all necessary department and agency resources to organize the federal response and ensure coordination among all response partners.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is the term used to describe the primary state/tribal/territorial/insular area/federal incident management activities conducted at the incident level.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is typically directed from a Joint Field Office (JFO), a temporary federal facility that provides a central location for coordination of response efforts by the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is organized, staffed, and managed in a manner consistent with NIMS principles using an ICS structure.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Unified coordination is organized, staffed, and managed in a manner consistent with NIMS principles using an ICS structure. The Unified Coordination Group (UCG) is composed of senior leaders representing state, tribal, territorial, insular area and federal interests and, in certain circumstances, local jurisdictions, the private sector, and NGOs. UCG members must have significant jurisdictional responsibility and authority. The composition of the UCG varies from incident to incident, depending on the scope and nature of the disaster. The UCG leads the unified coordination staff. Personnel from state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal departments and agencies; other jurisdictional entities; the private sector; and NGOs may be assigned to the unified coordination staff at various incident facilities (e.g., JFOs, staging areas, and other field offices). The UCG determines staffing of the unified coordination staff based on incident requirements.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Although unified coordination is based on the ICS structure, it does not manage on-scene operations. Instead, unified coordination supports on-scene response efforts and conducts broader support operations that may extend beyond the incident site. Unified coordination must include robust operations, planning, public information, and logistics capabilities that integrate local, state, and federal -as well as tribal, territorial, and insular area governments- personnel, when appropriate, so that all levels of government work together to achieve unity of effort.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When incidents affect multiple localities and states or the entire Nation, multiple UCGs with associated unified coordination staff may be established. In these situations, coordination occurs according to the principles of area command, as described in NIMS
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
As the primary field entity for federal response, unified coordination integrates diverse federal authorities and capabilities and coordinates federal response and recovery operations
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Federal agencies that conduct on-scene, tactical-level activities may also establish incident and area command structures, generally in conjunction with their counterpart local, state, tribal, territorial and/or insular area government agencies, to manage that work.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Operational Coordination
ESFs are the primary, but not exclusive, response coordinating structures at the federal level.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Communities, states, regions, and other tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal departments and agencies may use the ESF construct, or they may employ other coordinating structures or partners appropriate to their location, threats, or authorities. Whatever structures are used, they are encouraged to work closely with federal ESFs at the incident, regional, or headquarters levels if they are activated.
Recommendation
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Each ESF is composed of a department or agency that has been designated as the ESF coordinator, along with a number of primary and support agencies. Primary agencies are designated on the basis of their authorities, resources, and capabilities. Support agencies are assigned based on resources or capabilities in a given functional area.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The federal ESFs are the primary, but not exclusive, federal coordinating structures for building, sustaining, and delivering the response core capabilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
At the federal level, ESFs are groups of organizations that work together to deliver core capabilities to stabilize community lifelines in support of an effective response
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Any ESF may assist in the delivery of a response core capability.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Because a core capability may be required, each ESF can contribute to the stabilization of any of the community lifelines, depending on the circumstances of the incident.
Value Statement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #1: Coordinate the opening of roads and manage aviation airspace for access to health and medical facilities or services.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #2: Provide and enable contingency communications required at health and medical facilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #3: Install generators and provide other temporary emergency power sources for health and medical facilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #4: Coordinates federal firefighting activities and supports resource requests for public health and medical facilities and teams.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #5: Develop coordinated interagency crisis action plans addressing health and medical issues.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #6: Integrate voluntary agency and other partner support, including other federal agencies and the private sector, to resource health and medical services and supplies.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #7: Provide logistics support for moving meals, water, or other commodities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #8: Provide health and medical support to communities, and coordinate across capabilities of partner agencies.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #9: Conduct initial health and medical needs assessments.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #10: Monitor air quality near health and medical facilities in close proximity to the incident area.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #11: Coordinate with health and medical entities to address incidents of zoonotic disease.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #12: Coordinate power restoration efforts for health and medical facilities or power-dependent medical populations.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #13: Provide public safety needed security at health and medical facilities or mobile teams delivering services.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #14: Be informed of and assess cascading impacts of health or medical infrastructure or service disruptions, and deconflict or prioritize cross-sector requirements.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
[EXAMPLE] ESF #15: Conduct public messaging on the status of available health and medical services or public health risks.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Departments and agencies supporting federal ESFs may be selectively activated by FEMA or as requested by a lead federal agency to support response activities for incidents.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
When departments and agencies supporting federal ESFs are activated, they may assign staff at headquarters, regional, and incident levels. Through the Stafford Act and in accordance with 6 U.S.C. Sections 741(4) and 753(c), FEMA may issue mission assignments to obtain resources and services from federal departments and agencies.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Most incidents where the NRF serves as the foundational federal response doctrine will not result in a federally declared disaster under the Stafford Act. For example, pre-incident operations for hurricanes, responses to biological incidents, electric grid emergencies, oil spills, migration crises, public health emergencies, and a host of other threats and hazards may not receive a Presidential disaster declaration but still require a coordinated national response.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
For such non-Stafford Act incidents where the Federal Government is involved, the President may designate or the federal agencies involved may agree to recognize an agency to serve as the Lead Federal Agency (LFA) for the response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The LFA typically activates the response structures appropriate to its authorities.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
The LFA employs NIMS and this Framework to coordinate the federal response.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Because the NRF is always in effect, ESFs may be activated and deployed to help manage any response in support of the LFA.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Coordinating structures can be assembled and organized at the regional level to address incidents that cross state or international borders or have broad geographic or system-wide implications or to manage competing requirements for response assets among multiple incidents.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Most federal departments and agencies have regional or field offices that may participate with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments in planning for incidents and provide response assets when an incident occurs in their jurisdiction
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Some federal departments and agencies share the same standard federal regional structure as FEMA.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
In larger-scale incidents, these regional and field offices may provide the initial response assets with additional support being provided from other department and agency offices across the Nation.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
Some federal regional and field offices have their own EOCs to support deployments of their assets.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Operational Coordination
FEMA has 10 regional offices, each headed by a Regional Administrator. Each of FEMA's regional offices maintains an RRCC. When activated, RRCCs are multi-agency coordination centers generally staffed by regional FEMA personnel and augmented by ESFs and other federal agencies in anticipation of or immediately following an incident. Operating under the direction of the FEMA Regional Administrator, the staff within the RRCCs coordinates federal regional response efforts and maintains connectivity with FEMA Headquarters and with state EOCs, state and major urban area fusion centers, Federal Executive Boards, tribal governments, and other federal, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area operations and coordination centers that potentially contribute to the development of situational awareness. The UCG assumes responsibility for coordinating federal response activities at the incident level once unified coordination is established, freeing the RRCC to deal with new incidents should they occur.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
In response to significant threats within the criminal jurisdiction of the United States, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) may establish a JOC, which is a regional multi-jurisdictional, interagency operations center to lead and coordinate the operational law enforcement response, including but not limited to investigative operations and related intelligence activities. The JOC is led by an FBI on-scene commander (OSC) and is supported by a command group and a consequence management group, as appropriate. If the threat involves potential attacks or threats spanning multiple geographic areas, then multiple JOCs may be established. The JOC acts as the focal point for the strategic management and direction of on scene law enforcement activities and coordination with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area authorities. Additionally, the FBI OSC may be supported by the Domestic Emergency Support Team (if deployed), which may provide interagency technical or scientific expertise.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Coordinating structures are assembled and organized at the federal headquarters level, particularly to address incidents that cross regional borders or have broad geographic or system-wide implications.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
A wide range of such centers maintain situational awareness within their functional areas and provide relevant information to the DHS National Operations Center (NOC) during an incident
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
These operations centers may also coordinate ESF activities, communicate with other federal operations centers, and communicate with their local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area government counterparts.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government, All Response Personnel, Emergency Management Staff
Operational Coordination
In the event of an act of terrorism, natural disaster, or other emergency, the NOC, as the principal operations center for DHS, coordinates and integrates information from the NOC components to provide situational awareness and a common operating picture for the entire Federal Government, as well as for local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, as appropriate, to ensure that accurate and critical terrorism and disaster-related information reaches government decision makers in a timely manner. Additionally, the NOC serves as the national fusion center, collecting and synthesizing all-source information, including information from state and major urban area fusion centers, for all threats and hazards across the entire integrated National Preparedness System
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, All Response Personnel
Operational Coordination
When activated, the NRCC is a multiagency coordination center located at FEMA Headquarters. NRCC's staff coordinates the overall federal support for major disasters and emergencies, including catastrophic incidents and emergency management program implementation. FEMA maintains the NRCC as a functional component of the NOC for incident support operations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The CIOCC is composed of the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center, the National Infrastructure Coordinating Center, and the National Coordinating Center for Communications. It is the focal point for federal partners, the private sector, and local, state, tribal, and territorial governments to obtain situational awareness, technical assistance, and integrated, actionable information to secure and defend the Nation's cyber, physical, and communications infrastructure. The CIOCC operates around the clock to integrate, coordinate, and share risk and threat information with the critical infrastructure community, perform consequence analyses of incidents affecting critical infrastructure, inform decision making, provide technical expertise to address cyber threats and communications outages, and coordinate infrastructure-related support for broader federal response efforts.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The Department of Defense's (DoD) NMCC is the Nation's focal point for continuous monitoring and coordination of worldwide military operations. The NMCC directly supports combatant commanders, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secretary of Defense, and the President in the command of U.S. Armed Forces in peacetime contingencies and war. The NMCC participates in a wide variety of activities, ranging from missile warning and attack assessment to management of peacetime operations, such as defense support of civil authorities during special events, major disasters, and national emergencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The SIOC acts as the FBI's worldwide EOC. The SIOC maintains situational awareness of criminal or terrorist threats and critical incidents and crises (foreign and domestic, regardless of cause or origin) and provides FBI headquarters executives, domestic field offices, and overseas legal attachés with timely notification and the dissemination of strategic information. The SIOC shares information and intelligence with other EOCs at all levels of government. Maintaining a constant state of readiness to support any crisis or major event, the SIOC provides a secure venue to support crisis management, special event monitoring, and significant operations. The SIOC provides command, control, communications connectivity, and a common operating picture for managing FBI operational responses and assets throughout the world on behalf of FBI Headquarters, divisions, field offices, and legal attachés. In the event of a crisis, the SIOC establishes the headquarters command post and develops connectivity to field command posts and JOCs. The FBI-led Weapons of Mass Destruction Strategic Group is activated within the SIOC when facing weapons of mass destruction terrorist threats. The Weapons of Mass Destruction Strategic Group is an interagency crisis action team that supports information exchange and the deconfliction of counterterrorism activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
The National Security Council (NSC) is the principal policy body for consideration of national security policy issues requiring Presidential determination. The NSC advises and assists the President in integrating all aspects of national security policy as it affects the United States -domestic, foreign, military, intelligence, and economic (in conjunction with the National Economic Council).
Requirement
Federal Government
Operational Coordination
Individuals and communities, the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government (local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, and federal) should each understand their respective roles and responsibilities and how to complement each other in achieving shared goals......and understand how they fit within and are supported by the structures described in the NRF.
Requirement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All elements of the whole community play roles in developing the core capabilities needed to respond to incidents. This includes developing plans that ensure continuity of operations, conducting assessments and exercises, providing and directing resources and capabilities, and gathering lessons-learned.
Requirement
Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities, Private Sector Entities, Non-Governmental Organizations, Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Emergency management staff in all jurisdictions and organizations have a fundamental responsibility to consider the needs of the whole community. These needs must be incorporated into response planning and delivery of the core capabilities. The potential contributions of all individuals toward delivering core capabilities during incident response (e.g., through associations and alliances that serve the people previously identified) should be incorporated into planning efforts.
Requirement
Emergency Management Staff
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Emergency management staff must also consider those who own or have responsibility for animals, both as members of the community who may be affected by incidents and as a potential means of supporting response efforts. This includes those with household pets, service and assistance animals, working dogs, and agricultural animals/livestock, as well as those who have responsibility for wildlife, exotic animals, zoo animals, research animals, and animals housed in shelters, rescue organizations, breeding facilities, and sanctuaries.
Requirement
Emergency Management Staff
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communities bring people together in different ways for different reasons, but each community provides opportunities for sharing information and promoting collective action.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
These communities may have resources and information to stabilize community lifelines.
Recommendation
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Engaging these groups in preparedness efforts, particularly at the local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area levels, is important to identifying their needs and taking advantage of their potential contributions.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector organizations engage in incident response through their own internal response and continuity actions, the commodities they provide, their partnerships with each level of government, and their roles within the supply chain.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Elements of the private sector are most often the providers of community lifeline services and have a key interest in the stabilization and restoration of their own operations and those of other infrastructure systems.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector organizations also play a vital role in ensuring communities and survivors have the services and resources necessary to respond to and recover from all types of incidents.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
During an incident, key private sector partners should have a direct link to emergency managers and other relevant officials, such as those from public health, economic development, and community planning agencies and, in some cases, be involved in the decision-making process.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
As key elements of the national economy, it is important for private sector organizations of all types and sizes to engage in preparedness planning, conduct risk assessments, and identify critical community lifelines, functions, and resources that impact their businesses and communities.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Understanding and collaborating on the cross-sector interdependencies and cascading effects of a potentially high-consequence incident on business, infrastructure, and supply chains improves community resilience and can help private sector organizations to quickly resume normal operations.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Owners and operators of certain regulated facilities or hazardous operations may be legally responsible for preparing for and preventing incidents and responding when an incident occurs
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE: For example, the Atomic Energy Act, as amended, and associated regulations require owners and operators of commercial nuclear powerplants and offsite response organizations (OROs) to maintain emergency plans in order protect the health and safety of the public.
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Onsite response organizations and OROs perform exercises, assessments, notifications, and training for incident response.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Because of their significance in providing essential functions and services, it is vital that private critical infrastructure sectors, such as privately-owned transportation and transit, telecommunications, utilities, financial institutions, hospitals, and other health-related facilities, create and sustain effective business continuity plans.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector entities may serve as partners in local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area emergency preparedness and response organizations and activities and with federal sector-specific agencies
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Private sector entities often participate in local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area preparedness activities by providing resources (donated or compensated) during an incident -including specialized teams, essential services, equipment, and advanced technologies- through local public-private emergency plans or mutual aid and assistance agreements or in response to requests from government and nongovernmental initiatives.
Requirement
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Planning, training, and exercising their response capabilities.
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Planning for, responding to, and recovering from incidents that impact their own infrastructure and facilities
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Protecting information, and maintaining the continuity of business operations in order to ensure the integrity of supply chains or quickly establishing new supply chains to stabilize the community and reduce human suffering
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Providing assistance specified under mutual aid and assistance agreements
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Addressing the welfare of employees (including disbursement of wages)
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Executing their own immediate response activities and meeting the continuity needs of infrastructure, facilities, and business operations
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Collaborating with emergency management personnel to determine what assistance may be required and how they can provide needed support
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Contributing to communication and information-sharing efforts during incidents
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Providing insight on the scope and scale of impacts
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Identifying requirements for public sector support to enable stabilization of critical community lifelines
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
EXAMPLE ACTIVITY: Contributing resources, personnel, and expertise; helping to shape objectives; and receiving information about the status of the community
Recommendation
Communities, Private Sector Entities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals, families, and households reduce potential emergency response requirements and hazards in and around their homes by efforts such as raising utilities above flood level or securing unanchored objects against the threat of high winds.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals, families, and households should also prepare emergency supply kits and emergency plans, so they can take care of themselves and their neighbors until assistance arrives.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals can also contribute to the preparedness and resilience of their households and communities by volunteering with emergency organizations (e.g., the local chapter of the American Red Cross, Medical Reserve Corps, Community Emergency Response Teams, or National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster [National VOAD]) and completing emergency response training courses.
Recommendation
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Individuals who have access and functional or medical needs should make preparations with family members.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Their plans should include provisions for personal assistance service providers and any household pets or service and assistance animals.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
During an actual disaster, emergency, or threat, individuals, households, and families should monitor emergency communications and follow guidance and instructions provided by local authorities.
Requirement
Communities, Individuals, Families, and Households
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
NGOs bolster government efforts at all levels and often provide specialized services to the whole community.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
NGOs are key partners in preparedness activities and response operations.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Training, management, and coordination of volunteers and donated goods
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Ensuring staff are screened, trained, and able to safely perform their tasks
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying sheltering locations, ensuring access to those facilities, and communicating their locations to the whole community
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Providing emergency commodities and services, such as water, food, shelter, assistance with family reunification, clothing, and supplies for post-emergency cleanup
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Supporting the evacuation, rescue, care, and sheltering of animals displaced by the incident;
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Supporting search and rescue, transportation, and logistics services and support
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying and supporting the unmet needs of survivors who have been affected by the disaster
Recommendation
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Example Contribution] Identifying and supporting the heath, medical, mental health, and behavior health resources of the impacted community
At the same time, when NGOs support response core capabilities they may also require government assistance.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When planning for local community emergency management resources, government organizations should consider the potential need to support NGOs in performing their essential response functions.
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Volunteers and donors support response efforts in many ways.
Requirement
Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Governments at all levels must plan ahead to incorporate volunteers and donated resources into response activities
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Close collaboration with the voluntary organizations and agencies assists in managing the influx of volunteers and donations.
Requirement
Communities, Government Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The American Red Cross is chartered by Congress to provide relief to survivors of disasters and help people prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In this capacity, the American Red Cross is the co-lead of ESF #6 and supports several other ESFs and the delivery of multiple core capabilities.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
National VOAD is an association of organizations that mitigates and alleviates the impact of disasters.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Provides a forum promoting cooperation, communication, coordination and collaboration.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Fosters more effective delivery of services to communities impacted by a disaster.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Within the NCMEC, the National Emergency Child Locator Center facilitates the expeditious identification and reunification of children with their families.
Requirement
Communities, Non-Governmental Organizations
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The responsibility for responding to natural and human-caused incidents that have recognizable geographic boundaries generally begins at the local level with individuals and public officials in the county, parish, city, or town affected by an incident.
Requirement
Local Governments, Individuals, Families, and Households, Communities
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Jurisdictional chief executives are responsible for the public safety and welfare of the people of their jurisdiction.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Officials provide strategic guidance and resources across all five mission areas.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Chief elected or appointed officials must have a clear understanding of their emergency management roles and responsibilities and how to apply the response core capabilities
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] need to make decisions regarding resources and operations during an incident to stabilize community lifelines.
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Elected and appointed officials also routinely shape or modify laws, policies, and budgets to aid preparedness efforts and improve emergency management and response capabilities.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Obtain assistance from other governmental agencies
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Provide direction for response activities.
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Ensure appropriate information is provided to the public
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The jurisdiction's emergency manager oversees the day-to-day emergency management programs and activities
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The emergency manager works with chief elected and appointed officials to establish unified objectives regarding the jurisdiction's emergency plans and activities. This role entails coordinating and integrating all elements of the community.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The emergency manager coordinates the local emergency management program. This includes assessing the capacity and readiness to deliver the capabilities most likely required to stabilize community lifelines during an incident and identifying and correcting shortfalls.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Advising elected and appointed officials during a response
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Conducting response operations in accordance with the NIMS
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating the functions of local agencies
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating the development of plans, and working cooperatively with other local agencies, community organizations, private sector businesses, and NGOs
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Developing and maintaining mutual aid and assistance agreements
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating resource requests during an incident through the management of an emergency operations center
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating damage assessments during an incident
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Advising and informing local officials and the public about emergency management activities during an incident to facilitate response operations such as sheltering, avoiding, evacuating, and resupply of food and water
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Developing and executing accessible public awareness and education programs
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Conducting exercises to rehearse response activities; test personnel, plans and systems; and identify areas for improvement
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Coordinating integration of individuals with disabilities, individuals from racially and ethnically diverse backgrounds, and others with access and functional needs into emergency planning and response
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[Often] Helping to ensure the continuation of essential services and functions through the development and implementation of continuity of operations plans
Recommendation
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Local government department and agency heads collaborate with the emergency manager during the development of local emergency plans and provide key response resources.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The department and agency heads and their staffs develop, plan, and train on internal policies and procedures to meet response needs safely.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Participate in interagency training and exercises to develop and maintain necessary capabilities.
Requirement
Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments are responsible for the health and welfare of their residents, communities, lands, and cultural heritage.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State governments supplement local efforts before, during, and after incidents by applying in-state resources first.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When an incident expands or has the potential to expand beyond the capability of a local jurisdiction and responders cannot meet the needs with mutual aid and assistance resources, local officials contact the state.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Coordinate warnings and public information through the activation of the state's public communications strategy
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Distribute supplies stockpiled to meet the needs of the emergency.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Provide technical assistance and support to meet the response and recovery needs.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Suspend or waive statutes, rules, ordinances, and orders, to the extent permitted by law, to ensure timely performance of response functions.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Implement state volunteer and donations management plans, and coordinate with the private sector and voluntary organizations.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Order or recommend evacuations ensuring the integration and inclusion of the requirements of populations such as children; individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs; those from religious, racial, and ethnically diverse communities; people with limited English proficiency; and owners of animals, including household pets and service and assistance animals.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
[May] Mobilize resources to meet the requirements of individuals with disabilities and others with access and functional needs in compliance with federal civil rights laws.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
If additional resources are required, states can request assistance from other states through interstate mutual aid and assistance agreements such as the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC).
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
If a state anticipates that its resources may be exceeded, the governor may request assistance from the Federal Government through a Stafford Act declaration.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The public safety and welfare of a state's residents are the fundamental responsibilities of every governor.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor coordinates state resources and provides the strategic guidance for response to all types of incidents. This includes supporting local governments, as needed, and coordinating assistance with other states and the Federal Government.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with state law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with response efforts
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates to the public in an accessible manner (i.e., effective communications to address all members of the whole community)
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of and protective actions for any type of incident
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates with tribal governments within the state
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Commands the state military forces (National Guard personnel not in federal service and state defense forces).
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Many states have designated homeland security advisers who serve as counsel to the governor on homeland security issues.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
May serve as a liaison between the governor's office, the state homeland security structure, and other organizations inside and outside of the state.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The advisor may chair a committee composed of representatives of relevant state agencies, including public safety, the National Guard, emergency management, public health, environment, agriculture, and others charged with developing prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery strategies.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All states have laws mandating the establishment of a state emergency management agency, as well as the emergency plans coordinated by that agency.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The director of the state emergency management agency is responsible for ensuring that the state is prepared to deal with large-scale emergencies and coordinating the statewide response to such incidents. This includes supporting local and tribal governments, as needed; coordinating assistance with other states and the Federal Government; and, in some cases, with NGOs and private sector organizations.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The state emergency management agency may dispatch personnel to assist in the response and recovery effort.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The National Guard is an important state resource available for planning, preparing, and responding to natural or human-caused incidents.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
National Guard members have expertise in critical areas such as emergency medical response; communications; logistics; search and rescue; civil engineering; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear response and planning; and decontamination.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor may order members of the National Guard to state active-duty status to support state functions and activities.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The governor or the state adjutant general may assign members of the National Guard to assist with state, regional, and federal emergency management plans.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In American Samoa, the governor coordinates response activities with the U.S. Army Reserve because it is the sole U.S. territory with no National Guard.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads and their staffs develop, plan, and train on internal policies and procedures to meet response and recovery needs.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads also provide important links to regional voluntary organizations, business, and industry.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Staff from these departments and agencies also participate in interagency training and exercises to develop and maintain the necessary capabilities and share resources through mutual aid agreements
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State department and agency heads are vital to the state's overall emergency management program because they bring expertise spanning various response functions and serve as core members of the state EOC and ICP.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Many state department and agency heads have direct experience in providing accessible and vital services to the whole community during response operations.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
State departments and agencies typically work in close coordination with their federal counterpart agencies during joint state and federal responses.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Under some federal laws, they may request assistance from these federal partners.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the Stafford Act, the chief executive of an affected Indian tribal government may submit a request for a declaration by the President.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Tribal governments are responsible for coordinating resources to address actual or potential incidents.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When coordinating with tribes, language and cultural differences must be considered, as well as overlapping authorities.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Tribes are encouraged to build relationships with local jurisdictions and states because these entities may have resources most readily available.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The chief executive is responsible for the public safety and welfare of his/her respective tribe.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The chief executive coordinates tribal resources and helps guide the response to all types of incidents. This includes coordinating assistance with states, as well as the Federal Government.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with the response
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates with the public in an accessible manner
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of all types of incidents
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Negotiates mutual aid and assistance agreements with other local jurisdictions, states, tribes, territories, and insular area governments
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Can request federal assistance.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Territorial and insular area governments are responsible for coordinating resources to address actual or potential incidents and have many of the same functions states have, as previously listed in this section.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Because of their remote locations, territorial and insular area governments often face unique challenges in receiving assistance from outside the jurisdiction quickly and often request assistance from neighboring islands, other nearby countries, states, the private sector or NGO resources, or the Federal Government.
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Additionally, there are language and cultural differences that must be considered, as well as the potential for authorities that overlap with federal authorities.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The territorial/insular area leader is responsible for the public safety and welfare of the people of his/her jurisdiction.
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates resources needed to respond to incidents of all types
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In accordance with the law, may make, amend, or suspend certain orders or regulations associated with the response
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Communicates with the public in an accessible manner
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Helps people, businesses, and organizations cope with the consequences of all types of incidents
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Commands the territory's military forces
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Negotiates mutual aid and assistance agreements with other local jurisdictions, states, tribes,
territories, and insular area governments
Requirement
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Can request federal assistance
Recommendation
State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government maintains a wide range of capabilities and resources that may be required to deal with domestic incidents in order to save lives and protect property and the environment while ensuring the protection of privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties and supporting the stabilization of community lifelines.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Any approach to the delivery of response capabilities will require an all-of-nation approach.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All federal departments and agencies must cooperate with one another and with local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, community members, voluntary organizations, and the private sector to the maximum extent possible.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government becomes involved with a response when federal interests are involved; when local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular resources are insufficient and federal assistance is requested; or as authorized or required by statute, regulation, or policy.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government may play a supporting role to local, state, tribal, territorial, or insular area authorities by providing federal assistance to the affected parties.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Federal Government provides assistance to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area authorities when the President declares a major disaster or emergency under the Stafford Act.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In other instances, the Federal Government may play a leading role in the response where the Federal Government has primary jurisdiction or when incidents occur on federal property (e.g., national parks and military bases).
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Regardless of the type of incident, the President leads the Federal Government response effort to ensure that the necessary resources are applied quickly and efficiently to large-scale and catastrophic incidents
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Different federal departments or agencies lead coordination of the Federal Government's response, depending on the type and magnitude of the incident, and are also supported by other agencies that bring their relevant capabilities to bear in responding to the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In conjunction with these efforts, the statutory mission of DHS is to act as a focal point regarding natural and human-caused crises and emergency planning
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Pursuant to the Homeland Security Act and Presidential directive, the Secretary of Homeland Security is the principal federal official for domestic incident management.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security coordinates preparedness activities within the United States to respond to and recover from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security coordinates with federal entities to provide for federal unity of efforts for domestic incident management
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security..... provides the executive branch with an overall architecture for domestic incident management, and coordinates the federal response, as required.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitors activities, assesses risk, and activates specific response mechanisms to support other federal departments and agencies without assuming the overall coordination of the federal response during incidents that do not require the Secretary of Homeland Security to coordinate the response or do not result in a Stafford Act declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Other federal departments and agencies carry out their response authorities and responsibilities within this overarching construct of DHS coordination.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Various federal departments and agencies may have statutory responsibilities and lead roles based on the unique circumstances of the incident.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Ensures that overall federal actions are unified, complete, and synchronized to prevent unfilled gaps in the Federal Government's overarching effort. This coordinated approach ensures that the federal actions undertaken by DHS and other departments and agencies are harmonized and mutually supportive.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Executes these coordination responsibilities, in part, by engaging directly with the President and relevant Cabinet, department, agency, and DHS component heads, as is necessary, to ensure a focused, efficient, and unified federal preparedness posture.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
All federal departments and agencies, in turn, cooperate with the Secretary of Homeland Security in executing domestic incident management duties.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Homeland Security's responsibilities also include management of the broad emergency management and response authorities of FEMA and other DHS components.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DHS component heads may have lead response roles or other significant roles, depending on the type and severity of the incident
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The U.S. Secret Service is the lead agency for security design, planning, and implementation of national special security events.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Assistant Director for Cybersecurity for DHS's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) coordinates the response to significant cyber incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The FEMA Administrator is the principal adviser to the President, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the National Security Council regarding emergency management.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, in carrying out the Stafford Act
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, in the operation of the NRCC and RRCCs
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assists the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, the effective support of all ESFs
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Assisting the President, through the Secretary of Homeland Security, more generally, in preparation for, protection against, response to, and recovery from all types of incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Reporting to the Secretary of Homeland Security, the FEMA Administrator is also responsible for managing the core DHS grant programs supporting homeland security activities
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General has lead responsibility for criminal investigations of terrorist acts or terrorist threats by individuals or groups inside the United States or directed at U.S. citizens or institutions abroad, where such acts are within the federal criminal jurisdiction of the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General is also responsible for related intelligence collection activities within the United States, subject to the National Security Act of 1947 (as amended) and other applicable laws, Executive Order 12333 (as amended), and Attorney General-approved procedures pursuant to that Executive order.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Acting through the FBI, the Attorney General, in cooperation with other federal departments and agencies engaged in activities to protect the national security, shall also coordinate the activities of the other members of the law enforcement community to detect, prevent, preempt, and disrupt terrorist attacks against the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In addition, the Attorney General, generally acting through the FBI Director, has primary responsibility for searching for, finding, and neutralizing weapons of mass destruction within the United States.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General approves requests submitted by state governors, pursuant to the Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance Act, for personnel and other federal law enforcement support during incidents.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Attorney General also enforces federal civil rights laws, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of Defense has authority, direction, and control over DoD.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DoD resource may be committed when requested by another federal agency and approved by the Secretary of Defense or when directed by the President.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Certain DoD officials and DoD component heads, by statue an/or policy are authorized to approve certain types of support to civil authorities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
When DoD resources are authorized to support civil authorities, command of those forces remains with the Secretary of Defense.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Under the command and control of the Secretary of Defense, the operational coordination and employment of such resources are normally led by the designated Combatant Command (e.g., U.S. Northern Command, Southern Command, or Indo-Pacific Command).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
DoD elements in the incident area of operations coordinate closely with response organizations at all levels.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
A domestic incident may have international and diplomatic implications that call for coordination and consultation with foreign governments and international organizations.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Secretary of State is responsible for all communication and coordination between the U.S. Government and other nations regarding the response to a domestic crisis.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Department of State also coordinates international offers of assistance and formally accepts or declines these offers on behalf of the U.S. Government, based on needs conveyed by federal departments and agencies, as stated in the International Coordination Support Annex.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence serves as the head of the intelligence community.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence acts as the principal advisor to the President for intelligence matters relating to national security
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence oversees and directs implementation of the National Intelligence Program
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The intelligence community, comprising 17 elements across the Federal Government, functions consistent with laws, Executive orders, regulations, and policies to support the national security-related missions of the U.S. Government
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Director of National Intelligence provides a range of analytic products, including those that assess threats to the homeland and inform planning, capability development, and operational activities of homeland security enterprise partners and stakeholders
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
In addition to intelligence community elements with specific homeland security missions, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence maintains a number of mission and support centers that provide unique capabilities for homeland security partners.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The federal ESFs bring together the capabilities of federal departments and agencies and other national-level assets.
Recommendation
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The core capabilities are delivered to stabilize the community lifelines.
Requirement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Any core capability may be required to help stabilize any community lifeline; therefore, any ESF can contribute toward the stabilization of any community lifeline in coordination with the lead ESF.
Recommendation
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal ESFs are groups of organizations that work together to deliver core capabilities to stabilize community lifelines in support of an effective response. In addition, there are responsibilities and actions associated with federal ESFs that extend beyond the core capabilities and support other response activities, as well as department and agency responsibilities.
Value Statement
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
While ESFs are primarily a federal coordinating mechanism, states and other organizations or levels of government may adopt the construct, as well.
Recommendation
Local Governments, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal ESF coordinators oversee the preparedness activities for a particular ESF and coordinate with its primary and support agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining contact with ESF primary and support agencies through conference calls, meetings, training activities, and exercises.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitoring the ESF's progress in delivering the core capabilities in an effort to stabilize the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating efforts with corresponding private sector, NGO, and federal partner.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Ensuring the ESF is engaged in appropriate planning and preparedness activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Sharing information and coordinating across the spectrum of primary and support agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
ESF primary agencies have significant authorities, roles, resources, and capabilities for a particular function within an ES
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Orchestrating support and strategy development within their functional area for the appropriate response core capabilities and other ESF missions.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Notifying and requesting assistance from support agencies
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Managing mission assignments (in Stafford Act incidents), and coordinating with support agencies, as well as appropriate state officials, operations centers, and other stakeholders
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating resources resulting from mission assignments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Working with all types of organizations to maximize the use of all available resources
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Monitoring progress in delivering core capability and other ESF missions, and providing that information as part of situational and periodic readiness or preparedness assessments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, and transition to long-term recovery support operations
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to prevent or respond to new or emerging threats and hazards or to validate and improve capabilities to address changing risks
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Promoting physical accessibility, programmatic inclusion, and effective communication for the whole community, including individuals with disabilities
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
ESF support agencies have specific capabilities or resources that support primary agencies in executing the mission of the ESF.
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Participating in planning for incident management, short-term recovery operations, transition to long-term recovery support operations, and the development of supporting operational plans, standard operating procedures, checklists, or other job aids
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Providing input to periodic readiness assessments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Maintaining trained personnel to support interagency emergency response and support teams
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Identifying new equipment or capabilities required to respond to new or emerging threats and hazards or to improve the ability to address existing threats
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinating resources resulting from response mission assignments
Requirement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the support of management of transportation systems and infrastructure, the regulation of transportation, management of the Nation's airspace, and ensuring the safety and security of the national transportation system.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: transportation modes management and control; transportation safety; stabilization and reestablishment of transportation infrastructure; movement restrictions; and damage and impact assessment.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates government and industry efforts for the reestablishment and provision of critical communications infrastructure and services, facilitates the stabilization of systems and applications from malicious activity (e.g., cyber), and coordinates communications support to response efforts (e.g., emergency communication services and emergency alerts and telecommunications).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: coordination with telecommunications and information technology industries; coordination of the reestablishment and provision of critical communications infrastructure; protection, reestablishment, and sustainment of national cyber and information technology resources; oversight of communications within the federal response structures; and facilitation of the stabilization of systems and applications from cyber events.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the capabilities and resources to facilitate the delivery of services, technical assistance, engineering expertise, construction management, and other support to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a disaster or an incident
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: infrastructure protection and emergency repair; critical infrastructure reestablishment; engineering services and construction management; and emergency contracting support for life-saving and life-sustaining services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the support for the detection and suppression of fires.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to supporting wildland, rural, and urban firefighting operations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Supports and facilitates multiagency planning and coordination for operations involving incidents requiring federal coordination
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: deliberate and crisis action planning; and information collection, analysis, visualization and dissemination.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the delivery of mass care and emergency assistance.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: mass care; emergency assistance; temporary housing; and human services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates comprehensive incident resource planning, management, and sustainment capability to meet the needs of disaster survivors and responders.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: comprehensive national incident logistics planning, management, and sustainment capability; and resource support (e.g., facility space, office equipment and supplies, and contracting services).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the mechanisms for assistance in response to an actual or potential public health and medical disaster or incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: public health; medical surge support, including patient movement; behavioral health services; mass fatality management; and veterinary, medical, and public health services.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the rapid deployment of search and rescue resources to provide specialized life-saving assistance.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: structural collapse (urban) search and rescue; maritime/coastal/waterborne search and rescue; and land search and rescue.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates support in response to an actual or potential discharge and/or release of oil or hazardous materials.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: environmental assessment of the nature and extent of oil and hazardous materials contamination; and environmental decontamination and cleanup, including buildings/structures and management of contaminated waste.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates a variety of functions designed to protect the Nation's food supply, respond to pest and disease incidents impacting agriculture, and protect natural and cultural resources.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: nutrition assistance; agricultural disease and pest response; technical expertise, coordination, and support of animal and agricultural emergency management; meat, poultry, and processed egg products safety and defense; and natural and cultural resources and historic properties protection.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Facilitates the reestablishment of damaged energy systems and components, and provides technical expertise during an incident involving radiological/nuclear materials.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: energy infrastructure assessment, repair, and reestablishment; energy industry utilities coordination; and energy forecast.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the integration of public safety and security capabilities and resources to support the full range of incident management activities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: facility and resource security; security planning and technical resource assistance; public safety and security support; and support to access, traffic, and crowd control.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates cross-sector operations with infrastructure owners and operators, businesses, and their government partners, with particular focus on actions taken by businesses and infrastructure owners and operators in one sector to assist other sectors to better prevent or mitigate cascading failures between them. Focuses particularly on those sectors not currently aligned to other ESFs (e.g., the Financial Services Sector).
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following: assessment, analysis, and situational awareness of cross-sector challenges; and facilitates operational coordination with critical infrastructure sectors.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Coordinates the release of accurate, coordinated, timely, and accessible public information to affected audiences, including the government, media, NGOs, and the private sector. Works closely with state and local officials to ensure outreach to the whole community.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Functions include but are not limited to the following:
? Public affairs and the Joint Information Center; intergovernmental (local, state, tribal, territorial, nongovernmental, and private sector) affairs; and congressional affairs.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The Emergency Support Function Leadership Group (ESFLG) is composed of federal departments and agencies designated as coordinators for ESFs or coordinating agencies for other NRF annexes. The ESFLG provides a forum for departments and agencies with roles in federal incident response to jointly address matters pertaining to the community lifelines, emergency response policy, preparedness, operations, and training. The ESFLG promotes federal unity of effort through the exchange of information and coordinated decision making during disaster response. FEMA leads the ESFLG and is responsible for coordinating steady-state and operational activities.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
The heads of all federal departments and agencies provide their full and prompt cooperation, resources, and support, as appropriate and consistent with their own responsibilities, for protecting the national security. Various federal departments or agencies play primary, coordinating, or support roles in delivering response core capabilities. In some circumstances, other federal agencies may have a lead or support role in coordinating operations or elements of operations, consistent with applicable legal authorities. Nothing in the NRF precludes a federal department or agency from executing its existing authorities. For all incidents, federal department and agency heads serve as advisors for the executive branch relative to their areas of responsibility. Federal departments and agencies designated as coordinating and cooperating agencies in NRF support annexes conduct a variety of activities, to include managing specific functions and missions and providing federal support within their functional areas.
Requirement
Federal Government
Roles and Responsibilities for Response
Federal assistance can be provided to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area jurisdictions, as well as to other federal departments and agencies, through several different mechanisms and authorities. Federal financial assistance may also be available for disability-related access and functional needs equipment.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Different federal departments or agencies lead coordination of the Federal Government's response actions, depending on their express and implied statutory authorities and based on the type and magnitude of the incident. Federal departments or agencies are supported by other agencies who bring relevant capabilities that support those affected by the incident.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may provide assistance in the form of funding, resources, and services.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies respect the sovereignty and responsibilities of local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, while rendering assistance that supports the affected local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular governments.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments do not require federal assistance to respond to most incidents; however, when an incident is of such severity and magnitude that effective response is beyond the capabilities of the local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, the governor or chief executive of a tribe can request federal assistance under the Stafford Act.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
In certain circumstances, the President may declare an emergency without a request from a governor when the primary responsibility for response rests with the United States because the emergency involves a subject area for which, under the Constitution or laws of the United States, the United States exercises exclusive or preeminent responsibility and authority.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act authorizes the President to provide financial and other assistance to local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments; certain private nonprofit organizations; and individuals to support response, recovery, and mitigation efforts following a Stafford Act emergency or major disaster declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Most forms of Stafford Act assistance require a cost share. While federal assistance under the Stafford Act may only be delivered after a declaration, FEMA may pre-deploy federal assets when a declaration is likely and imminent.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act provides for two types of declarations: An emergency declaration is more limited in scope than a major disaster declaration, involves fewer federal programs, and is not normally associated with recovery programs. However, the President may issue an emergency declaration prior to an actual incident to lessen or avert the threat of a catastrophe. Generally, federal assistance and funding are provided to meet specific emergency needs or to help prevent a catastrophe from occurring.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Stafford Act provides for two types of declarations: A major disaster declaration provides more federal programs for response and recovery than an emergency declaration. Unlike an emergency declaration, a major disaster declaration may only be issued after an incident.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Immediate life-saving assistance to states, tribes, territories, and insular areas, as well as other types of assistance, such as wildland firefighting support or response to an agricultural disease or significant cyber incident, are performed by federal departments or agencies under their own authorities and funding or through reciprocal mutual assistance agreements.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Some federal departments or agencies have authorities to declare specific types of disasters or emergencies and conduct or lead federal response actions using funding sources other than the Disaster Relief Fund. For example, specific trust funds are established under federal environmental laws to support and fund oil and hazardous substances response operations.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Similarly, federal land management agencies are required at all times to respond to incidents of all magnitudes that occur on or impact federal lands managed by those agencies, while federal departments and agencies acting under the trust doctrine can provide financial and programmatic support to tribes, when requested.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
When the Secretary of Homeland Security is not coordinating the overall response, federal departments and agencies may coordinate federal operations under their own statutory authorities or as designated by the President and may activate response structures applicable to those authorities.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The head of the department or agency may also request the Secretary of Homeland Security to activate NRF structures and elements (e.g. Incident Management Assistance Teams and National Operation Center elements) to provide additional assistance, while still retaining leadership for the response
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies carry out their response authorities and responsibilities within the NRF's overarching construct or under supplementary or complementary operational plans.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Agricultural and Food Incident] The Secretary of Agriculture has the authority to declare an extraordinary emergency and take action because of the presence of a pest or disease of livestock that threatens livestock in the United States. (7 U.S.C. § 8306 [2007]). The Secretary of Agriculture also has the authority to declare an extraordinary emergency and take action because of the presence of a plant pest or noxious weed whose presence threatens plants or plant products of the United States. (7 U.S.C. § 7715 [2007]).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Public Health and Medical Incident]The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services has the authority to take actions to protect the public health and welfare, declare a public health emergency, and to prepare for and respond to public health emergencies (Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 201 et seq.).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Public Health and Medical Incident] The Public Health Service Act (PHSA), as amended by the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Reauthorization Act, Public Law No. 113-5, forms the foundation of HHS legal authority for responding to public health emergencies (Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 201 et seq.). The Project BioShield Act amended the PHSA to provide flexible authorities to expedite and enhance research, development, procurement, and stockpiling of medical countermeasures for a biological incident (Public Law 108-276 (as amended at 21 U.S.C. § 360bbb-3; 42 U.S.C. §§ 247d-6a, 247d-6b).
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills] The EPA and USCG have the authority to take actions to respond to oil discharges and releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, and contaminants, including leading the response. (42 U.S.C. § 9601 et seq., 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et seq.). The EPA Administrator and Commandant of the USCG36 may also classify an oil discharge as a spill of national significance and designate senior officials to participate in the response. (40 CFR Part 300.323)
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
[Scenario - Cyber Incident] The FBI has the designation of federal lead agency for threat response activities (PPD-41). Threat response activities include the law enforcement and national security investigation of a cyber incident, including collecting evidence, linking related incidents, gathering intelligence, identifying opportunities for threat pursuit and disruption, and providing attribution. ODNI, through the Cyber Threat intelligence Integration Center, is the lead federal agency for intelligence support and related activities. DHS has the responsibility for asset response activities, such as providing technical assets and assistance to mitigate vulnerabilities and reducing the impact of the incident, identifying and assessing the risk posed to other entities and mitigating those risks, and providing guidance on how to leverage federal resources and capabilities (PPD-41). The Cyber UCG will also include relevant sector-specific agencies if a cyber incident affects or is likely to affect the sectors they represent. FEMA maintains the responsibility for coordinating consequence management for physical impacts to the population.
Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
When a federal department or agency has responsibility for directing or managing a major aspect of a response coordinated by the Secretary of Homeland Security, that organization is part of the national leadership for the incident and is represented in field, regional, and headquarters unified command and coordination organizations.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
Federal departments and agencies may execute interagency or intra-agency reimbursable agreements in accordance with the Economy Act or other applicable authorities. The Financial Management Support Annex to the NRF contains information about this process. A federal department or agency responding to an incident under its own authorities may also request support from the Secretary of Homeland Security in obtaining and coordinating additional federal assistance. The Secretary of Homeland Security may activate one or more ESFs to provide the requested support
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
FEMA, the Department of State, and other Federal agencies use the International Assistance Systems Concept of Operations to manage the acceptance or request of international resources following a Stafford Act declaration.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may execute a process to 'pull' resources from international partners where the assistance meets known requirements identified by the local, state, tribal, territorial, insular or Federal officials in the disaster area based on a request from an authorized Federal response agency for resources that are urgently needed but not available in the United States.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government may operate a 'push' process when accepting the assistance that addresses Federal Government diplomatic interests even when foreign assistance has not been requested.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The Federal Government only accepts commodities that can enter the country without significant regulatory agency oversight or inspection and that can readily be used. FEMA coordinates through the ESFs and with regulatory agencies to ensure assets are appropriate to be applied to the disaster and meet statutory or regulatory requirements.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
The NRF covers the full range of complex and constantly changing requirements in anticipation of or in response to threats or actual incidents.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
In addition to Stafford Act support, the NRF or other supplementary or complementary operational plans may be applied to respond or provide other forms of support.
Recommendation
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments
Federal Authorities
The President may designate, and departments and agencies may recommend through the interagency policy process, an LFA to manage the incident.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
When an LFA is designated, the LFA appoints a senior response official to carry out its responsibilities employing the NRF, NDRF, and NIMS. The senior response official is the Federal Government's senior representative fully dedicated to the response, demonstrates national-level leadership in a time of crisis, and acts as the face and voice of the Federal response when interacting with other senior Federal, state, tribal, territorial, or insular, private sector, nongovernmental, and elected officials as well as the media and the public.
Requirement
Federal Government, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments, Local Governments, Government Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, Communities, Private Sector Entities
Federal Authorities
When directed by the President or requested by an agency head, FEMA's incident management capabilities may be used on a reimbursable basis under the Economy Act to support an LFA in carrying out the aforementioned responsibilities. FEMA may adjust the scale of its support to ensure execution of its statutory responsibilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
Operational planning is conducted across the whole community, including the private sector, NGOs, and all levels of government. Operational planning is guided by objectives and priorities identified in related strategic plans and an understanding of the risks that affect an organization or jurisdiction.
Recommendation, Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The NRF fosters unity of effort for emergency operations planning by providing common doctrine and purpose, which integrates both the National Preparedness System and the National Planning System.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Planning is fundamental to national preparedness. Plans are a continuous, evolving instrument of anticipated actions that maximize opportunities and guide response operations. Because planning is an ongoing process, a plan is a product based on information and understanding at the moment and is subject to revision.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The National Planning System provides a unified approach and common terminology for deliberate and incident action planning. Deliberate planning involves developing strategic, operational, and tactical plans to prevent, protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, and recover from a jurisdiction's threats or hazards. Incident action planning, sometimes referred to as crisis action planning, occurs in a time-constrained environment to develop or rapidly adapt operational and tactical plans in response to an imminent or ongoing incident.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Deliberate plans provide the starting point for incident response and recovery and provide much of the required information for incident action planning, which is then adapted to meet operational conditions. The planning process includes a feedback loop for continual refinement of deliberate and incident plans to more effectively address incident priorities and objectives. Incident plans are continually refined throughout an incident, based on emerging operational conditions. Incident plans can also support the modification and improvement of deliberate plans through after-action and lessons-learned processes.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Response to emergencies and disasters will be most effective when communities conduct risk- and capability-based planning.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Support provided by the National Risk Management Center and tools such as the Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Stakeholder, Preparedness Review, and Core Capability Development Sheets help communities to set risk-based capability targets, evaluate capability gaps, and develop strategies to build and sustain discrete capabilities. These activities inform resource investment and allocation, drive deliberate planning efforts focused on the most challenging risks, and help government and private sector officials understand response and recovery capacities and identify where mutual aid or other assistance may fill capability gaps.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The National Planning System and Comprehensive Preparedness Guide 101 provide further information on the various types of plans and guidance on the fundamentals of planning.
Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Federal planning is integrated to align, link, and synchronize response actions to enable federal departments and agencies and other national-level partners to provide the right resources at the right time to support local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area government response operations. Integrated planning provides answers for which traditional and nontraditional partners can deliver capabilities that stabilize community lifelines and ultimately support the recovery of the community.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The NRF is based on the concept of tiered response with an understanding that most incidents start at the local or tribal level, and as needs exceed resources and capabilities, additional local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, or federal assets may be required.
Value Statement
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
The FIOP for response and recovery, therefore, is intended to align with other local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area government, and federal plans to ensure that all response partners share a common operational focus. Similarly, integration occurs at the federal level among the departments, agencies, and nongovernmental partners that compose the respective mission area through the frameworks, FIOPs, and departmental and agency operations plans
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Implementation of the concepts within the NRF and related FIOP are mandatory for federal departments and agencies.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
While the NRF does not direct the actions of other response elements, the guidance contained in the NRF and the FIOP is intended to inform local, state, tribal, territorial, and insular area governments, as well as NGOs and the private sector, regarding how the Federal Government responds to incidents. These partners can use this information to inform their planning and ensure that assumptions regarding federal assistance and response and the manner in which federal support will be provided are accurate.
Recommendation, Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
At the federal level, the NRF is supported by the FIOP. Incident annexes to the FIOP address unique concepts of operations or capabilities for risks not otherwise addressed by the FIOP. The concepts in the NRF and NIMS guide federal operational response planning and the FIOP, which provides further information regarding roles and responsibilities and identifies the critical tasks, resourcing, and sourcing requirements. The NRF does not contain detailed descriptions of specific department or agency functions because such information is located in department- or agency-level operational plans. Federal department and agency plans should, at a minimum, address the execution of their roles and responsibilities in support of the NRF and FIOP to deliver the core capabilities.
Value Statement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
National preparedness and sustainment of essential functions are a shared responsibility of the whole community. Continuity considerations should be incorporated into the planning process. Continuity is not strictly a governmental responsibility, nor is it limited to a specific critical infrastructure sector. Effective continuity planning helps to ensure the uninterrupted ability to engage partners; to respond appropriately with scaled, flexible, and adaptable operational capabilities; to specify succession to office and delegations of authority to protect the unity of effort and command; and to account for the availability of responders, regardless of the threat or hazard.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Ensuring the continuity of community lifeline operations is a critical part of responding to a disaster. Continuity planning and operations increase the likelihood of uninterrupted coordination across jurisdictions, levels of government, and the private sector, particularly during catastrophic incidents. For example, effective response operations require the operability, interoperability, and continuity of communications. The National Emergency Communications Plan provides the whole community with a strategic plan that establishes a shared vision for and coordinates the complex mission of maintaining and improving emergency communications capabilities.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
Continuity considerations, including community lifeline interdependencies, should be built into all plans and guidance and supported by leadership at all levels. Without the implementation of continuity principles, private sector organizations and governments at all levels may be unable to provide services and sustainment of community lifelines when needed the most
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
To assist NRF users, FEMA maintains electronic versions of the current NRF documents -the base document, ESF annexes, and support annexes- as well as other supporting materials. FEMA also provides information, training materials, and other tools, such as an overview of the main Stafford Act provisions, a guide to authorities and references, and an abbreviations list to assist response partners in understanding and executing their roles under the NRF. Materials are regularly evaluated, updated, and augmented, as necessary. Additional content may be added or modified at the request of response mission area partners and other users.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
All Response Personnel, Communities, Emergency Management Staff, Federal Government, Government Organizations, Individuals, Families, and Households, Local Governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, Private Sector Entities, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments
Federal Authorities
DHS will coordinate and oversee the review and maintenance process for the NRF. The revision process includes developing or updating documents necessary to carry out capabilities.
Requirement
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
In reviewing the implementation of the NRF, FEMA will consider effective practices and lessons-learned from exercises and operations, as well as pertinent new processes and technologies. Effective practices include continuity planning, which ensures that the capabilities contained in the NRF can continue to be executed, regardless of the threat or hazard. Pertinent new processes and technologies should enable the Nation to adapt efficiently to the evolving risk environment and use data relating to location, context, and interdependencies that allow for effective integration across all missions using a standards-based approach. Updates to the NRF annexes may occur independently from reviews of the base document.
Requirement, Training Opportunity
Federal Government
Federal Authorities
Do not match: 0 / 474
Sunburst View
The sunburst and icicle charts provide a means to visualize how responsibilities are divided among various entities. Select the Switch Layout button in the upper left-hand corner to switch between layouts.
Inner Circle / Left Column: There are the five main parts of the NRF. Each color in the sunburst or icicle represents a different section. Clicking on any section in the inner circle or left column will display the division of responsibilities among primary partners under that section.
Middle Circle / Middle Column: The middle circle or column is organized by the primary partners in the corresponding section. Click on any partner to view the specific designees for their responsibilities. There is not always a specific designee for each responsibility.
Outer Circle / Right Column: The outer circle or right column is the specific designee in the corresponding section. Click on any designee to view a list of their responsibilities.
Example: Responsibilities of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Step 1: Go the Specific Designee bar on the drop-down menu and select “Federal Emergency Management Agency”. This reduces the chart to show the responsibilities of FEMA within each section.
Step 2: Click on the outer pink circle or right pink column to view the responsibilities of FEMA in the Roles and Responsibilities for Response section of the NRF. Here, you can view the 16 responsibilities of FEMA under this section; page numbers are provided for easy reference to the base document.
Specific Designee :
Additional Partners/ Designees :
Specific Role :
Community Lifelines :
Emergency Support Functions :
Category :
Details
Some text in the modal.
Summary of the National Response Framework
The National Response Framework (NRF) sets the strategy and doctrine for how the whole community builds, sustains, and delivers the response core capabilities identified in the National Preparedness Goal in an integrated manner with the other mission (p. 1). The NRF is a framework for all types of threats and hazards, ranging from accidents, technological hazards, natural disasters, and human-caused incidents (p. 3). The NRF is based on the concept of tiered response with an understanding that most incidents start at the local or tribal level, and as needs exceed resources and capabilities, additional local, state, tribal, territorial, insular area, or federal assets may be required (p. 48). Focusing on community lifelines allows emergency managers and their partners to account for these complex interdependencies and prioritize response operations to achieve high-impact, multi-sector benefits (p. 2). First, community lifelines are interdependent and vulnerable to cascading failures (p. ii). Second, community lifeline stabilization relies on businesses and infrastructure owners and operators who have the expertise and primary responsibility for managing their systems in emergencies (p. ii).
One of the most difficult aspects of assembling the NRF-PLAT was to extract policies without losing the complex, collaborative, and multifaceted nature of the NRF and, more fundamentally, the “whole-of-government” response to large scale disasters and emergencies. As developers, we used a particular set of definitions and rules, and have captured them here for reference. We acknowledge that other rules and interpretations could have been applied, and the results would be equally valid.
Fortunately, the NRF identifies categories of partners (e.g., communities, federal government) and components of partners (e.g., private sector entities, specific executive branch agencies). We used these as the basis for defining primary and additional partners and specific designees, and heavily leveraged knowledge and expertise we have gained from interacting with federal, state and local authorities.
The NRF contains a mixture of statements, some of which are explicit recommendations and some of which express the principles upon which the NRF was designed. These have been captured in the tool but assigned a “category,” defined in more detail below.
Questions specifically related to the taxonomy should be referred to Kristin Omberg (kristin.omberg@pnnl.gov), Justine Spencer (justine.spencer@pnnl.gov), and Yavana Ganesh (yavana.ganesh@pnnl.gov). These developers spent hours agonizing over the definitions and welcome additional input and perspective.
Primary Partner: A partner was deemed primary if the responsibility for managing and executing the main response was explicitly assigned (e.g., “The federal government shall…”). If the responsibility was assigned equally to more than one partner (e.g. “The Federal Government in coordination with State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area Governments shall…”), all equal partners were listed as primary.
Specific Designee: If the text of the NRF explicitly delegates a responsibility to entity (for example, if a responsibility of the federal government is specifically assigned to the Department of Homeland Security), the specific designee was captured.
Specific Role: If a responsibility is to be performed by an individual serving in a specific role (e.g., “The Governor will…”), the specific role was tagged. Note that not every responsibility has a specific role assigned.
Additional Designee: An organization that works to support the specific designee in completing the assigned tasks was tagged as an additional partner/designee (“The Federal Government provides assistance to Local, State, Tribal, Territorial, and Insular Area authorities…”).
Category: In an effort to organize the NRF, each responsibility was assigned as a requirement, recommendation, value statement, or training opportunity. A responsibility could be both a requirement and a value statement/training opportunity.
Requirement: If the responsibility outlined was mandatory (“Governments at all levels must plan…”), it was assigned as a requirement.
Recommendation: If the responsibility outlined was suggested (“Elected and appointed officials may...”), it was assigned as a recommendation.
Value Statement: If the responsibility was neither a requirement nor recommendation but instead mentions the standards of the agency/organization (“Public sector government resources alone cannot provide all the solutions when responding to incidents.”), it was assigned as a value statement.
Training Opportunity: If the responsibility encompasses educational components that would ensure the best course of action for future response (“The response core capabilities are the activities that generally must be accomplished in incident response, regardless of which levels of government are involved.”) it was assigned to the training category.